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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Effects of the Produced Water from a Sour Oilfield in South Kuwait on the Production Tubing

  AUTHORS: Feras Al Salem, Vijo Poulose, Kazuyuki Kawamura, Arata Nakamura, Hakim Saibi, Thies Thiemann

  KEYWORDS: Produced Water, Scaling, Production Tubing, Corrosion, SEM-EDS, WD-XRF, XPS

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.15 No.7, July 28, 2023

  ABSTRACT: Kuwaiti oil production faces a growing challenge in the increasing quantities of produced water generated in the production of oil. The high water cut of the produced fluid from the wells and the high salinity of the produced water lead to significant degradation of subsurface equipment, specifically the production tubing. Debris generated through the degradation of the inner part of the tubing becomes a constituent of the scaling that deposits in the tubing and blocks the flow of the production fluid, inducing higher maintenance costs. This paper looks at the characteristics of the scaling in regard to the produced water and outlines the economic impact of the produced water induced degradation of the tubing structure.