TITLE:
Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Patients Admitted to Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study
AUTHORS:
Bayissa Chala, Ahmedin Usmael
KEYWORDS:
Multidrug Resistance, Mycobacterium, Prevalence, Rifampicin Resistance, Tuberculosis
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Tuberculosis Research,
Vol.8 No.3,
August
17,
2020
ABSTRACT: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging challenge for TB
control programs globally. Ethiopia ranks 7th among the world’s 22
high TB burden countries. According to report of WHO (2017), TB is one of the
leading infectious causes of death in Ethiopia claiming the life of more than 30 thousand people
annually. The surge of MDR-TB has been compounding the problem further.
Facility-based MDR-TB researches have not been generated in equal pace with
community-based ones. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of
MDR-TB using clinical records of MDR-TB patients in Adama Hospital Medical
College (AHMC) from 2014 to 2018. All
clinical data of MDR-TB from 2014-2018 was collected from AHMC TB department.
Socio-demographic and risk factor data were collected from patients using
semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Microsoft excel and
SPSS version 20. Out of a total 2332 TB suspected cases admitted to AHMC from
2014 to 2018, 175 (7.5%) were confirmed MDR-TB cases or confirmed
Rifampicin resistant cases. In particular, 97 (4.2%) presented presumptive MDR-TB alone and 78 (3.3%) showed confirmed Rifampicin resistance alone.
Comparison among age groups showed the highest prevalence for 24 - 44 years
with 1.8% and 1.5% confirmed MDR-TB and Rifampicin resistance. The overall
prevalence of MDR-TB was moderate indicating for possible rise of the problem
due to course of time. Further study combining both
community and health facility based is recommended to highlight the need to
make useful strategies for testing, surveillance and effective clinical
management of MDR-TB cases.