TITLE:
Histological Types of Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Yaoundé
AUTHORS:
Firmin Ankouane, Mathurin Kowo, Bernadette Ngo Nonga, Fidèle Vouffo, Jude-Marcel Nzoumé, Oudou Njoya, Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam
KEYWORDS:
Helicobacter pylori, Stomach Neoplasms, Adenocarcinoma, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Cameroon
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Cancer Therapy,
Vol.6 No.8,
August
6,
2015
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The diffuse
type of gastric adenocarcinoma has been found to be more prevalent in low risk countries
like Cameroon. The objective of this study was to determine the most frequent histological
type of gastric cancer found in Yaoundé and its association to the Helicobacter pylori infection. Materials
and Methods: The registries of histopathology laboratories of 4 reference hospitals
in Yaoundé, Cameroon have been reviewed for registered primitive gastric malignancies
from July 2009 to May 2014. Paraffin blocks mounted on slides and stained with Hematoxylyn
and Eosin of gastric cancer cases were re-stained Giemsa to search for Helicobacter pylori and they were classified
using the criteria of Lauren in intestinal type or diffuse type. Results: Forty-two
cases were reviewed: 25 (59.5%) of them were intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma,
11 (26.2%) were diffuse type, 4 (9.5%) were malignant gastric lymphoma, 1 (2.4%)
was a stromal tumor, and 1 (2.4%) was a colloid carcinoma. The most common site
of location was the proximal gastric portion (52.2%). The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was 88.1%,
most common with the intestinal type (100%) and malignant lymphoma (100%) than with
the diffuse type (72.2%) (p = 0.007).
Conclusion: The most common type of gastric adenocarcinoma in Cameroon is the intestinal
type and Helicobacter pylori infection
is more common in the intestinal type and malignant gastric lymphoma than in the
diffuse type. The Helicobacter pylori eradication campaigns are needed.