With a large number of high-speed railways being built, the structure of the railway has great changes, and so that the method of efficiency assessment of railway needs to be changed. In this paper, based on the socio-economic impacts, horizontal-DEA model and time- series-DEA models of the railway efficiency are built to generalize the empirical study of the efficiency of Jiangsu railway. Through the analysis on the socio-economic impacts of the Jiangsu railway in two aspects, the internal mechanism of the relationship between Railway and socio-economic activities could be obtained. Finally, according to the results of efficiency analysis, combined with the situation of Jiangsu, Opinions and suggestions have been proposed for the development of Jiangsu Railway and economic.