Isolation and Spasmolytic Evaluation of New Alkaloids from Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn. (Fabaceae)

Amenan Geneviève N’guessan-Irié, Joël Dade, Pierre Champy, N’doua Gisèle Siransy-Kouakou, Véronique Leblais

Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UMR 8076 BioCIS, Chatenay-Malabry, France.
Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UMR 8076 BioCIS, Chatenay-Malabry, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphou?t-Boigny, Abidjan, République de C?te d’Ivoire;.
Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UMR 8076 BioCIS, Chatenay-Malabry, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud 11, Chatenay-Malabry, France;.
Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud 11, Chatenay-Malabry, France; INSERM UMR-S 769, Chatenay-Malabry, France..
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphou?t-Boigny, Abidjan, République de C?te d’Ivoire;.

DOI: 10.4236/pp.2013.49095                

Abstract

Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn. (Fabaceae) root bark is used in Ivorian Traditional Medicine to treat asthma, which is a respiratory disorder characterized by inflammation and the restriction of tracheal muscles obstructing the air circulation. The tracheal relaxant effect of a crude aqueous-alcoholic extract of the plant root bark was previously shown. For the present study, alkaloids were isolated from the same extract and investigated ex vivo in C57Bl/6j mice isolated trachea contracted with carbachol 1 μM, in comparison with a reference bronchodilatator, i.e. salbutamol. Two extraction procedures allowed isolating 2 Alkaloids that monodimensional and bi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass specters allowed identifying a pyrolidine structure type nucleus with a long bi-hydroxyled alkyl chain. Alkaloid 1, carrier of a sugar, is a glycoside of Alkaloid 2. Both alkaloids induced similar spasmolytic effects, but Alkaloid 1 was more effective than Alkaloid 2 at 9 × 10^-6 M (p ＜ 0.01), 3 × 10^-5 M, and 9 × 10^-5 M (p ＜0.001). Salbutamol induced its spasmolytic effect in a different way, and its maximal effect E_max (less than 30%) was obtained at 9 × 10^-6 M, while E_max of both alkaloids (100%) was obtained at 3 × 10^-4 M.

Keywords

Alkaloids Isolated; Plant; Spasmolytic; Asthma

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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