Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that studies diseases of the eye that occur in the visual system, including the pathology and medical and surgical treatment of the eye that can invade the eye, including diseases of the eye and its associated tissues. Ophthalmology became a truly independent discipline in 1851, when German Hermann von Helmholtz invented ophthalmoscope.
In the present book, ten typical literatures about visual science and eye diseases published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on visual science and eye diseases. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in visual science and eye diseases as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.