TITLE:
Deafness: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects in 15 Year Olds and over at the University Hospital Center Gabriel Toure of Bamako
AUTHORS:
Kassim Diarra, N’faly Konaté, Yaya Dembele, Ismael Berthé, Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko, Boubacary Guindo, Fatogoma Issa Koné, Siaka Soumaoro, Doumbia Kadidiatou Singare, Mohamed Amadou Keita
KEYWORDS:
Pure Tone Audiometry Deafness BIAP
JOURNAL NAME:
International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery,
Vol.11 No.4,
July
29,
2022
ABSTRACT: Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of
hearing loss in 15-year-olds and over at the CHU GT of Bamako. Materials and
Method: This is a longitudinal prospective study carried out in the ENT
department of the University hospital Gabriel Toure in Bamako over 13 months
(from September 2018 to September 2019). We carried out an exhaustive sampling
of all the patients who consulted in the department for hearing loss and whose
deafness was confirmed at pure tone audiometry with age greater than or equal
to 15 years. The exclusion criteria were all patients under the age of 15 as
well as a hearing loss related
to earwax or foreign bodies and refusals to participate in the study. Results: Two hundred and thirty (230) patients were collected during the study.
Dominated by the male sex with a sex ratio of 1.5 or 3 men for 2 women, with an
average age of 38.16 ± 19 years with extremes ranging from 15 to 86 years.
Among our patients, 37.40% had unilateral deafness, progressive installation evolving more
than 12 weeks with a rate of cases had headaches 41% and had a history of
chronic otitis media (CMO) 27%. There were a few cases of mixed type deafness,
30% had mild deafness, 22% moderate deafness
and 40% severe deafness, according to the BIAP classification.
Among our patients, 22.16% had conductive
hearing loss, and those with sensorineural hearing loss accounted for
15.24%. Conclusion: Pure tone audiometry remains essential in the
diagnosis of deafness. It not only makes
it possible to confirm or invalidate the deafness, but also to define the type of deafness and especially to classify the
deafness according to the degree of the average hearing loss established by the
BIAP.