TITLE:
The Upsilon Equation in RH = ct Cosmology—A Summary of Recent Progress
AUTHORS:
Eugene Terry Tatum, U. V. S. Seshavatharam
KEYWORDS:
Upsilon Constant, Hubble Constant, CMB Temperature, Flat Space Cosmology, Black Hole Cosmology, RH = ct Model, Thermodynamic Friedmann Equations, Cosmic Age, Early Galaxy Formation Problem, Cosmic Rotation, Dark Energy, Hubble Tension
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics,
Vol.13 No.6,
June
30,
2025
ABSTRACT: This paper provides a brief historical summary of recent progress made with respect to the Upsilon constant linkage between the time-dependent Hubble parameter and the time-dependent cosmic temperature. We discuss how our original RH = ct variant model, called Flat Space Cosmology (FSC), has evolved, including how it has recently been used as an approach to resolving the Hubble tension, to extend the cosmic age to alleviate the early galaxy formation problem, and to provide highly useful Friedmann equations in thermodynamic form. A new and tantalizing cosmic rotation resolution of the Hubble tension using FSC is also briefly discussed, including whether it could also explain “dark energy” observations.