TITLE:
Cardio-Renal Syndrome: Epidemiological, Clinical, Paraclinical, Etiological Aspects and Prognostic Factors in the Cardiology Department of the CHU Ignace Deen in Conakry
AUTHORS:
Barry Ibrahima Sory, Diakité Foussény, Fofana Fatoumata, Baldé El Hadj Yaya, Bah Mamadou Bassirou Mariama, Béavogui Mariam, Soumaoro Morlaye, Camara Abdoulaye, Samoura Aly, Koïvogui Diarra, Koïvogui Kokoulo, Diallo Salématou, Baldé Mamadou Dadhi
KEYWORDS:
Cardio-Renal Syndrome, Ignace Deen
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.13 No.4,
April
11,
2023
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Heart and kidney diseases are common among patients admitted to hospital and they coexist in a significant number of cases. The interactions between the cardiovascular system and the kidney have beenknown and described for many years and have led to the description of cardio-renalsyndrome. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency; todescribe the clinical, etiological and prognostic aspects of acute renal failure in patients hospitalized for chronic congestive heart failure. Method:This was a descriptive retrospective study from January 2, 2018 to December 31, 2022. Included in this study were all the complete records of patients hospitalized for chronic congestive heart failure with serum creatinine ≥120 μmol/I. We’re not included in this study, incomplete files,records of patients hospitalizedfor other pathologies, records of patients hospitalized for chronic congestive heart failure with normal renal function. Our study variables were qualitative and quantitative divided into clinical, paraclinical and prognosticdata.Our data were analyzed using the EPI-info 7.2.2.6 software. Data entry andpresentation were carried out using Word, Excel and PowerPoint from the 2016Office Pack.Results:We collected 830 files of which 114 met our selectioncriteria, a frequency of 13.73%. The mean age of the patients was 47 ± 19 years. The F/M sex ratio was 1.23. The dominant etiologies were hypertension followed by diabetes with respectively 60.5% and 23.7%. Toxic factors including tobacco accounted for 7.9% of cases. Dyspnea accounted for 86.8%. Most of our patients were grade 3 or 36% based on systolic blood pressure on admissionwith an average of 164.16 ± 33.95 mmHg and an average diastolic bloodpressure of 93.24 ± 20.40 mmHg. Biologically, the serum creatinine revealed a high frequency of 201 -400 μmol/l (33% of cases) with an average value of 586.49 ± 631.44 μmol/l with the extremes 2.960 and 2448.68 μmol/I. Anemia was moderate in 34.2% of cases. Cardiac ultrasound was performed on 81 patients, the results of which showed dilated cardiomyopathy in 48.2% of cases.Renal ultrasound was performed only by 18 patients, renal suffering wasfound with8.8%. Almost all (92.11%) of the patients had an acute renal failure of functional origin. More than half (65.80%) of our patients were at risk. Diuretics were the most prescribed antihypertensives with 87.71% followed byACE inhibitors 78.94%. The average length of hospitalization was 13.81 ± 7.66 days with extremes of 24 hours and 41 days. Conclusion:The association ofacute renal failure and chronic congestive heart failure is a frequentsituation. The diagnostic approach must be guided by the context and the data of a meticulous examination supplemented by an appropriate paraclinical assessment. Kidney renal failureis mostly functional.