TITLE:
Quassia undulata Oil Exploitation: Extraction’s Yield, Phytochemical Profile of Seeds and Oilcake Nutritional Value
AUTHORS:
Ndiaye Seyni, Ndiaye Bou, Cissé Oumar Ibn Khatab, Cissé Mady, Gueye Mathieu, Qi Zhang, Ayessou Nicolas Cyrille Mensah
KEYWORDS:
Quassia undulata, Piliostigma thonningii, Oil Extraction, Phytochemical
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.13 No.2,
February
16,
2022
ABSTRACT: Quassia undulata is a plant that
belongs to the Simaroubaceae family. In Africa, it occurs in the wooded
savannah from Senegal in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.
The seeds from the plant are very rich in oil. The traditional extraction of
this oil involves a phase of boiling the powder from the seeds in a decoction
of Piliostigma thonningii leaves. Thus, the aim of
this study is to determine the impact of Piliostigma thonningii leaves on the extraction yield, to assess the phytochemical profile of seeds
and oilcake and, to determine the nutritional value of the cakes obtained after
extraction. Thus, the traditional extraction of oil was carried out in the
laboratory and physico-chemical and phytochemical analyses were carried out on
the water decoction, the oil and, the oilcake. The results showed that the
traditional extraction gives a low extraction yield (5.18% with PD and 6.12%
without PD) compared to the Soxhlet extraction (56.9%). On the other hand, it
was found that oil obtained by traditional extraction in the presence of Piliostigma
thonningii leaves was of better physicochemical quality. Finally,
oilcake very rich in proteins (36.71% - 42.69%) and mineral elements (110.9 - 152.33
mg/100g of calcium, 544.75 - 620.77 mg/100g of Potassium and 331.11 - 459.68
mg/100g of Magnesium) justify their use in human food. However, investigations
should point to the impact of this traditional technique on the elimination of
quassinoids, toxins and antihelminth compounds present in the seeds.