TITLE:
Overweight and Obesity: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects (Preliminary Study of 64 Cases Followed in Dietetic Consultation and Review of the Literature)
AUTHORS:
Steve Léonce Zoungrana, Marius Somé, Jean Luc Kambiré, Aly Savadogo, Aboubacar Ouattara, Alfred S. Traoré
KEYWORDS:
Overweight, Obesity, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Ouagadougou
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.12 No.11,
November
29,
2021
ABSTRACT: Obesity and excess weight are on the rise in
developing countries, which is a source of legitimate concern on the part of
the institutions responsible for the health of populations. Overweight and
obesity are the fifth most common risk factor for death worldwide, killing at
least 2.8 million people each year. In view of the importance of the subject
and the lack of sufficient data in our context, it seemed appropriate to us to
carry out this preliminary work in Burkina Faso on a population of subjects
followed in consultation with Nutrition and Dietetics. The general objective of
our work, of a descriptive cross-sectional type, was to describe the
epidemiological, clinical, biological and therapeutic aspects of obesity in a
population of consultants, black Africans over a period of one year. The study
concerned three (03) private care establishments (clinics) in the city of
Ouagadougou in which a Nutrition and Dietetics consultation was available. This
was a descriptive cross-sectional study which concerned 64 patients followed in
nutrition and dietetics consultations from
January 2 to December 31, 2012. The material of the study is represented
by the analysis of the files of 64 patients followed in consultation of
Nutrition and Dietetics in three (03) medical clinics. The most affected age
groups were 30 to 40 years (19 cases) and 40 to 50 years (18 cases); 53 women
(82.8%) and 11 men (17.2%), i.e. a
sex ratio of 4.82. Among our patients, 12 people were overweight (18.75%), 23
had moderate type I obesity (35.94%), 15 severe type III (23.44%) and 14 had
type III obesity massive (21.87%). Android-like obesity was predominant in 53
people (82.81%). Among our patients 16 (25%) presented with dyslipidemia, 49
(76.56%) had eating disorders. The most common cloudy snacking was observed in
33 people (67.35%). In terms of evolution and therapy, 31 people (48.44%)
followed the diet at term; the others had either abandoned or discontinued
treatment, namely therapeutic changes in lifestyles. A total of 51.56% were
lost to follow-up. The mean duration of follow-up was 2.7 months. In sum,
obesity mostly affects young adults (30 to 40 years old) and females, with a
predominance of type I obesity (moderate).
Android-type obesity was predominant in both sexes. Preventive actions
are needed for citizens of Ouagadougou.