TITLE:
Current Review of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: What Do Paediatricians Need to Know?
AUTHORS:
Asma R. Albaker
KEYWORDS:
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Autoinflammatory, Arthritis, Biologics
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.10 No.4,
December
31,
2020
ABSTRACT: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
is classified as an autoimmune entity and a subtype of juvenile idiopathic
arthritis, although it has many features of autoinflammatory-type of diseases.
This review article will elaborate on the disease’s pathogenesis and its
proposed relation to autoinflammatory diseases including defective innate
immunity and phagocytosis response leading excessive cytokine release. It also explains the disease’s epidemiology, clinical
phenotype, diagnostic challenges, complications and current advancements in the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis,
such as IL-1 and IL-6 antagonists and their impact on the disease trajectory. Care of patients with systemic juvenile
idiopathic arthritis requires a comprehensive multidisciplinary team to
optimize the care and avoid complications of the disease itself such as growth
impairment, macrophage activation syndrome or the complications of immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory treatments.