TITLE:
Child Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit at University Hospital of Brazzaville (Congo)
AUTHORS:
Engoba Moyen, Judicaël Kambourou, Annie Rachelle Okoko, Lori Bertrand Nguelongo, Verlem Bomelefa-Bomel, Kadidja Grace Nkounkou, Georges Moyen, Jean-Louis Nkoua
KEYWORDS:
Acute Respiratory Infections, Child, Brazzaville, Bronchiolitis
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.8 No.1,
March
8,
2018
ABSTRACT: In order to contribute to reduction of morbidity and
mortality due to low acute respiratory infections in pediatrics, the objective of
this study was to determine the epidemiological profile and to identify the factors
favoring and those associated with the risk of deceased. We reviewed the cases of
children aged between 1 and 59 months hospitalized between January and December
2015 in the pediatric intensive care unit of the CHU of Brazzaville and retained
those whose diagnosis of discharge was an ALRI. The study variables were: epidemiological,
clinical, paraclinic, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary. For 2012 hospitalized
children, 400 (19.8%) were hospitalized for an ALRI. There were 235 boys (58.8%)
and 165 girls (41.2%) of average age. Infants aged 1 to 11 months were the most
affected n = 260 (65%). They were insufficiently immunized with haemophilus influenza
B and pneumococcus n = 378 (94.5%); Fully immunized n = 20 (5%), the average delay
for consultation after the first symptom was 5.03 ± 3.86 days; Denutrition was rated
n = 180 (45%), positive retroviral serology n = 19 cases (4.8%). The main nosological
varieties were: bronchiolitis n = 223 (55.7%), pneumonia n = 145 (36.2%). One death
was rated n = 65 (16.3%). The mortality determinants were: prematurity,
vaccination status and HIV/AIDS infection. The frequency and severity of ALRIs necessitates
a strengthened program of integrated management of childhood illnesses, and public
health actions targeting the factors that promote and contribute to the risk of
death.