TITLE:
An Evaluation Performance of Potential Pollution of Arsenic, Chromium and Cadmium in the Road Side Soil of Kirkuk City, Northern Iraq
AUTHORS:
Hassan A. A. Al-Jumaily
KEYWORDS:
Pollution, Geo Accumulation Index, Contamination Factor, Pollution Load Index, Iraq
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection,
Vol.4 No.9,
September
21,
2016
ABSTRACT: The
present work is to evaluate and investigate the distribution of heavy metals
(As, Cr and Cd) and to assess the road side samples contamination using an
Index (SEPI), (CPI), (GAI), (CF) and (PLI). From right and left Khasa in Kirkuk
city, road soil samples were collected in order to estimate the probable
contamination level of heavy metals (Cd), (As) and (Cr) in the study area. The
heavy metal concentrations were determined in the way side samples by using
(ICP-MS) technique. The 22 samples have collected in August, 2013. The results
of average levels of heavy metals revealed Cr, As and Cd recorded the highest
concentration of (178.6 ppm, 10.4 ppm and 0.599 ppm) in right Khasa
respectively. These heavy metals are recorded the lowest value (165.8, 8.29 and
0.4 ppm) in left Khasa respectively. However, the concentration of Cr and As
was higher than the studied worldwide permissible of contaminated soil. The
highest (SEPI) for As in right Khasa and Cr in left in Khasa seems therefore to
be that this road side soil is the most polluted in the city of Kirkuk
classified moderately contamination. The accounted of (CPI) for As, Cd and Cr
ranged from 0.82 to 1.30 with average 1.01 and 0.6 to 1.12 with an average 0.78
in right and left Khasa respectively. The highest values in the right Khasa
which suggest multi-elements contamination and suggested this area of study
area received more heavy metals comes from manmade and industrial activities.
The GAI showed a moderate contaminated with Cd in right Khasa of study area,
while the other metals are in their uncontaminated level. The CF results has
been showed by a considerable contamination metals (As, Cr and Cd) in of right
Khasa, but low to moderate contamination in left Khasa. The results of (PLI)
revealed a deterioration of site quality in all samples of Kirkuk city. Thus
the evaluation methods revealed that the studied areas especially right Khasa
impacted with heavy industrial activity, phosphate fertilizer, emission of
gasses from automobile manufacture tire abrasion and workshop causing an
increasing in metal concentrations towards the right Khasa.