TITLE:
Cytogenetic Profile in 7209 Indian Patients with de novo Acute Leukemia: A Single Centre Study from India
AUTHORS:
P. S. Kadam Amare, H. Jain, S. Kabre, Y. Deshpande, P. Pawar, S. Banavali, H. Menon, M. Sengar, B. Arora, N. Khattry, G. Narula, D. Sarang, S. Kaskar, B. Bagal, H. Jain, Uma Dangi, P. G. Subramanian, S. Gujral
KEYWORDS:
Cytogenetics, Acute Leukemia, Incidence, Asian Population, Geographic Heterogeneity
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Cancer Therapy,
Vol.7 No.7,
July
25,
2016
ABSTRACT: Background: Cytogenetics
is one of the most important diagnostic parameters in the classification of acute
leukemia. Recurrent chromosomal aberrations in acute leukemia have provided insights
into the molecular mechanism of leukemogenesis. The variable frequencies of recurrent
cytogenetic markers due to ethical/racial differences have been reported from Western
and some Asian countries. Objective: We report cytogenetic data of largest cohort
of 7209 adult and pediatric patients with de novo acute leukemia (AL) to determine
the prevalence of various cytogenetic sub groups and compare with the Western and
Asian population. Material & Methods: The AL patients included 2609 AML (adult:
2042, pediatric: 567), 3708 B-cell-precursor (BCP)-ALL (adult: 1300, pediatric:
2408) and 892 cases of T-ALL (adult: 480, pediatric: 412). Cytogenetic studies included
conventional karyotyping and FISH using panel of probes. Results: The incidence
of t(8;21) was high, comparable to other Asian countries. In comparison to our series
and Western population, t(15;17) was more prevalent in Chinese population. Cytogenetic
profiling of BCP-ALL revealed low prevalence of ETV6/RUNX1 in ours as well
as other Asian population. The MLL aberrations
in BCP-ALL and TLX1 & TLX3 aberrations in T-ALL occurred less frequently
in our series as compared with Western population. Conclusion: The present study
with a large cohort showed the heterogeneity of AL that involved various factors,
such as age, gender and prevalence of distinct cytogenetic subgroups. Our data in
comparison with other population based studies revealed differential distribution
of some cytogenetic sub-groups indicating geographic heterogeneity due to differential
environmental exposure which probably influenced underlying genetic susceptibility.