TITLE:
Gibberellic Acid Promotes Early Growth of Winter Wheat and Rye
AUTHORS:
Alexander D. Pavlista, David D. Baltensperger, Dipak K. Santra, Gary W. Hergert, Steve Knox
KEYWORDS:
Plant Growth Regulator, Gibberellin, Planting Aid, Wind Erosion, Soil Erosion, Cover Crop, Crop Rotation
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.5 No.20,
September
26,
2014
ABSTRACT:
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska
is recommended for mid Sep but summer crops are often harvested around Oct 1.
Also, weather may delay planting. Could gibberellic acid (GA3), a
growth stimulant, overcome the delayed seedling growth from late planting?
Irrigated field trials were planted from 2005 to 2010 applying GA3 to wheat seed of cvs. Goodstreak and Wesley. In 2005, dip, spray and furrow GA3 applications to seed were tested. Dip and spray gave similar results. Furrow
application was calculated too costly. Further tests used seed dips. In 2006 to
2008 planting, wheat was planted about 15 Sep, 1 Oct and 15 Oct. Trials planted
in 2007 and 2008 included winter rye (Secale
cereale) cv. Rymin. Heights in mid Nov showed a reduction with later
planting. When planted about 1 Oct and 15 Oct, the delayed growth of
Goodstreak, compared to planting two weeks earlier, was fully overcome by GA3 at 250 ppm. For Wesley, 1000 ppm GA3 was needed to nearly overcome
later planting. Rymin rye gave an intermediate response between the two wheat
cultivars. Spring and summer heights were not affected by GA3.
Spring biomass, yield and harvested seed germination showed no GA3 effect. In later trials (planted in 2009 and 2010), the cytokinin 6-benzyl
adenine (6BA) was added to GA3 to stimulate tiller formation. In the
1st year, 6BA at 2000 ppm depressed height, weight and yield without
tiller promotion. Repeating the trial with lower rates (31 - 125 ppm 6BA) did
not offer an additional advantage to GA3. The results indicate that
seed application of GA3 can overcome delayed growth resulting from
delayed planting of winter wheat and rye under irrigation.