IOM (Institute of Medicine) and NRC (National Research Council), “Weight Gain during Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines,” The National Academies Press, Washing- ton, 2009.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Early Life Obesity and Diabetes: Origins in Pregnancy

  AUTHORS: Kilia Yun Liu, Jo May Chow, Christina Sherry

  KEYWORDS: Gestational Diabetes; Pregnancy; Macrosomia; Gestation Weight Gain; Obesity

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Vol.3 No.1, February 25, 2013

  ABSTRACT: The gestational period represent a critical time for influencing birth weight, infant adiposity and growth rate, all of which are important factors in the development of obesity and diabetes in adolescence and adulthood. Prior to pregnancy, the nutritional status and weight of a mother also has significant influence on these factors. During gestation, numerous maternal factors can have a negative influence on programming of the long-term health of the offspring. Rate of maternal weight gain, glucose intolerance, gestational diabetes and pre-pregnancy BMI all have significant influence on infant size and adiposity at birth. Additionally, these factors are related to the development obesity and its co-morbidities in adolescence and adulthood. Given the rates of obesity and associated health care costs, it is very timely to understand possible fetal origins of obesity and diabetes to help shape interventions.