Trupp, A. (2002) Second law violations by means of a stratification of temperature due to force fields. 1st International Conference on Quantum Limits to the Second Law, 28-31 July 2002, San Diego.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Motion machines of second kind

  AUTHORS: Georgi Krastev, Kiril Kolikov, Yordan Epitropov

  KEYWORDS: Tardyons; Luxons; Physical Field; Second Law of Thermodynamics; Perpetual Motion Machine of Second Kind

  JOURNAL NAME: Natural Science, Vol.4 No.4, April 24, 2012

  ABSTRACT: The second law of thermodynamics, i.e. the law stating that the entropy in isolated macroscopic system can never decrease, is tightly connected to the work of the device called perpetual motion machine of second kind. Often this law is also defined as the inability to construct such a device. In the current paper we give complete, independent and consistent definitions of static, stationary and changing physical field. Based on that for the first time we give summarising, correct and complete definitions of natural resource machine and perpetual motion machine of second kind as well as motion machine of second kind in the set of tardyons and luxons. We present a principal structure of a motion machine of second kind using which we show that the Clausius statement and its equivalent statements in the thermodynamics can be violated for a practically big interval-time even under equilibrium fluctuations.