TITLE:
Ectopic Pregnancy: Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutical, Anatomopathological Aspects and Prognosis at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Teaching Hospital Souro Sanou of Bobo-Dioulasso: About 79 Cases and Literature Review
AUTHORS:
Bambara Moussa, Togbe Alihonou Eric Serge, Lankoande David, Dembele Adama, Ouedraogo Issa
KEYWORDS:
Ectopic Pregnancy, Surgical Emergency, Salpingectomy, Prognosis
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.12 No.1,
January
13,
2022
ABSTRACT: Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutical,
anatomopathological aspects and prognosis of the ectopic pregnancy. Methodology: It was a transversal and descriptive study from January 1st to
December 31st 2018 at the department of obstetrics and gynecology of the Teaching
Hospital Sourô Sanou of Bobo-Dioulasso. Results: During the study
period, we registered 4706 deliveries with 1272 cases of cesareans and 79 cases
of ectopic pregnancy with a frequency of 1 ectopic pregnancy for 60 deliveries
and 6 ectopic pregnancies for 100 caesareans. The average age of the patients
in our study was 28.66 years old (19 - 45 years) and the
average parity of 1.96 [0 - 6]. Married women
represented 83.54 % of the workforce. The risk factors were dominated by sexual
transmitted diseases (25.31%) and abortions (20.25%). Clinical signs were
dominated by pelvic pain (100% of cases), metrorrhagea (86.5% of cases) and
amenorrhea (64.6% of cases). Culdocentesis brought lysed incoagulable blood in
83.7% cases. The immunological pregnancy test was positive in 100% of cases. Plasma beta dosage was
carried out in 2 cases. Salpingectomy was performed in 97.4% cases. The site of
the ectopic pregnancy was interstitial in 11.3% cases, isthmic in 8.86% cases,
infundibular in 11.3% cases, ampullar in 77.22% cases. On the
anatomopathological level, we noted an acute salpingitis in 23.38% cases and a
chronic salpingitis in 44.94% cases. Postoperative were simple in 97.7% of
cases and we deplored one case maternal death. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy
is a surgical emergency of the first trimester pregnancy. The delay in
diagnosis is common in our context, with as consequence a mutilated treatment.
The etiological factors are dominated by the chronic salpingitis and the acute
salpingitis. The prevention is based on combatting genital infections,
promoting contraceptive methods and a good post abortion care.