TITLE:
Human Adipose Stem Cells Exposed to Gamma Radiation and Inactivity (Stasis) Show Increased Cancer Markers and DNA Damage. A Preliminary Assessment of a Pharmaceutical Formulation to Reverse These Effects and Its Applications for Medical Radiotherapy and the Space Industry
AUTHORS:
E. Russell Vickers
KEYWORDS:
Astronauts, DNA, Gamma Radiation, Radiotherapy, Space Medicine, Space Mining, Anti-Aging, Stem Cells
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Cancer Therapy,
Vol.13 No.1,
January
12,
2022
ABSTRACT: Gamma radiation exposure and physical inactivity occur in medical
radiotherapy patients and astronauts resulting in substantial deterioration of
their health. At the molecular level, the radiation triggers elevated markers
for DNA double-strand breaks and tumorigenicity. Cell stasis is a potential
phenomenon associated with low physical activity in recovering cancer patients and astronauts. This preliminary study assessed
parameters of stasis and gamma radiation on human adipose stem cells
(ADSCs) that have important regenerative functions for the body. A prototype
pharmaceutical formulation (PF) was tested
to prevent and reverse the effects of radiation and stasis. ADSCs were
subjected to short-term (1 - 5 days) and longer-term (8 - 25 days) stasis and
radiation with a combined total exposure of alpha, beta and gamma radiation
measured at 455 microSv/hr on the Geiger counter. Cell health markers were
grouped for characteristics of cellular health (annexin, H2A.X, NO, ROS) and
tumorigenicity potential (P13, Ki67, MAPK) that were measured with flow
cytometry. Results showed PF to improve cell health in days 1 - 5 compared to
stasis (p = 0.01) and radiation (p = 0.02), and PF reduced tumorigenicity
compared with stasis (p = 0.018) and radiation (p = 0.03). For longer exposure
(8 - 25 days) PF improved cellular health compared with stasis (p = 0.038) and
showed a non-significant trend for decreasing radiation effects (p = 0.07).
There was decreased tumorigenicity compared with stasis (p = 0.003) and
radiation (p = 0.005). This preliminary evaluation of the PF showed it to have
88% (66/75) positive assay results (p