TITLE:
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Selected Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Commercial Poultry Production Systems in Kiambu County, Kenya
AUTHORS:
James Gakunga Ndukui, Joseph Kangangi Gikunju, Gabriel Oluga Aboge, John Mwaniki, Samuel Kariuki, James Mucunu Mbaria
KEYWORDS:
Antimicrobial Resistance, Enterobacteraceae, AST, Commercial Poultry Production, Multi-Drug Resistance
JOURNAL NAME:
Pharmacology & Pharmacy,
Vol.12 No.10,
October
25,
2021
ABSTRACT: Introduction: In the last two decades, the treatment of enteric infections has been
complicated by the emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains. Occurrence of
multidrug resistant Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobactaeraceae poses the greatest
risk to public health by raising morbidity and mortality by six folds in
developing countries. The present study aims to determine the antibiotics
resistance patterns of selected Enterobacteriaceae isolated from commercial poultry production systems in Kiambu County. Methods: A laboratory based
cross-sectional study was conducted in six purposively selected
Sub-Counties of Kiambu County from October 2020, to February 2021. A total of
437 fecal samples were collected from each household. The antibiotic
susceptibility testing using disk diffusion method was used
against E. coli; Salmonella spps.; Shigella spps.; and Klebsiella spps. which were isolated
and identified through standard biochemical. Results: Out of 437 fecal and stool
samples collected, 591 isolates were recovered with E. coli (48.9%) being the most frequently identified, followed by Shigella spps. (18.8%), Salmonella
spps. (18.3%), and Klebsiella spps. (14.0%). The study shows there was high prevalence of multiple resistance among
isolates especially to Sulfamethoxazole (79%), Trimethoprim (71%), and
Tetracyclines (59%), correspondingly. Additionally, the isolates showed the highest rate of susceptibility
against Cefuroxime (94%), Gentamicin (93%), Ceftriaxone (91%), Cefepime
(89%), Cefotaxime (85%), Ceftazidime (84%), and Chloramphenicol (77%),
respectively. Discussion: Our study indicates that both fecal and stool
materials from commercial poultry and humans can be reservoir of multi-drug
resistance enteric’s which can be a potential route of transmission
of resistance genes, which pose a great risk to public health of Kiambu
Residence.