TITLE:
Petroleum Water Contamination Resulting from Change in Land-Use in Paloich, South Sudan: Azolla pinnata and Lemna minor L. as an Efficient Bio Treatment Tool
AUTHORS:
Emmanuel Tete Ezbon Simon, Isa Zaharadden, Abu-Hanifa Babati, Xinrong Zhang
KEYWORDS:
Remediation, Biotechnology, Macrophytes, Climate Change, Pollution
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Geology,
Vol.11 No.9,
September
26,
2021
ABSTRACT: The
study focused on the change in land-use and phytoremediation and biosorption efficacy
of Lead and Cadmium from the petroleum-contaminated
water by Lemna minor L. and Azolla pinnata. For the study of the
change in land-use in Paloich, satellite imagery of Paloich between 2000 and 2020 was obtained from http://www.earthexplore.usgs.org/ and analyses. Water samples were
collected at different points of Paloich. Experimental set-up consisted of four main samples sets viz: Lemna
minor L. and petroleum-contaminated water, Azolla pinnata and petroleum contaminated
water, combination of Lemna minor L., Azolla pinnata and petroleum-contaminated
water then distilled water (control) all containing 3 liters of the water. Samples were left for 28
days. Physico-chemical parameters, heavy metals (Pb and Cd) and biosorption
capacity were analyzed. The
result indicates the changes in the land-use that occurred in the area of study for a
given period (2000-2020). Built-up
area, mining site and environmental degradation have increased by 8 percent between the periods. The
reason behind the increase can be as a result of increase in population. The
result also indicates high efficiency in pollutant reduction in the set-up
containing the combination of Lemna minor L. and Azolla pinnata in
which the Cd and Pb reduction efficiency recorded was 95%
and 97% respectively. While set up containing Azolla P. had Pb and Cd
reduction efficiency of 83% and 87% respectively. However, the set up
containing Lemna minor L. has Pb and Cd reduction efficiency of 91% and
85% respectively. A significant absorption of the metals (Pb and Cd) were seen
in the samples with the mixture of Lemna minor L. and Azolla pinnata. As such this study reveals the potentiality of Lemna minor L. and Azolla
pinnata as some excellent phytoremediation candidates in the treatment of
effluents containing Lead and Cadmium; however,
we also recommend further studies on the efficacy of such plants in other
classes of heavy metals.