TITLE:
Diagnostic and Prognostic Epidemic Aspect of Eclampsia at the Kolda Regional Hospital Center (Senegal)
AUTHORS:
Youssoupha Toure, Babacar Biaye, Abdoul Aziz Diouf, Khalifa Ababacar Mansour Fall, Adja Maimouna Barro Daff, Mor Cisse, Mouhamadou Wade, Omar Ba, Pape Malick Tall, Alassane Diouf, Jean Charles Moreau
KEYWORDS:
Eclampsia, Kolda, Prognosis, Management
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.9 No.12,
December
30,
2019
ABSTRACT: Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiology of eclampsia, to assess maternal and
perinatal prognosis and management. Material and method: This was a retrospective, descriptive study from
January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018. Included were all women received in the
emergency department of our health facility
for generalized seizures and/or disturbances of consciousness, occurring between
the 20th Week of Amenorrhea (WA) and the 6th week of postpartum on a field of
hypertension. The sources of the data consisted of antenatal consultation
cards, delivery records, hospital records, operating theater and resuscitation records. The variables studied were
sociodemographic characteristics, the course of pregnancy, childbirth
and neonatal parameters. Data were captured
and analyzed using SPSS 11.0 software. Results: The study focused on 190 cases with a prevalence of
3.5%. The average age of the patients was 20 years with extremes of 14 and 40
years. The average parity was 4.1 deliveries with extremes of 1 and 7. Nearly
three-quarters of the patients (74.7%) of the patients were primiparous. Almost
all the patients were evacuated. More than half of the seizures (53.1%) were
recorded before work and more than one out of two patients had two seizures.
Caesarean section was the mode of delivery in more than one out of two patients
(56.8%). Maternal complications were marked by renal failure (23 cases), the
HELLP syndrome (72 cases), and the retro placental hematoma (83 cases). The fetal
impact was marked by prematurity in 90% of cases and 17 cases of fetal death
in-utero. Nineteen maternal deaths were recorded while early neonatal mortality was
437 per 1000 live births. The average hospital stay of the survivors was 6.2
days. Conclusion: Eclampsia is still common in our regions. It occurs
preferentially in young primiparas with hypertension and/or proteinuria on a
poorly followed pregnancy. Magnesium sulphate and cesarean section can improve
the maternal and fetal prognosis. Prevention necessarily means quality prenatal
care.