TITLE:
Evaluation of Quantitative Phytochemicals, Liver Enzymes and Histological Changes in Isoniazid Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats Treated with Aqueous Extracts of Brysocarpus coccineus
AUTHORS:
Kashini Andrew, Nachamada Solomon Emmanuel, Deborah Chioma Ejiogu, Chinonso Nicodemus Chima, Fatima Mohammed Yahuza, Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Umeh, Philemon Paul Mshelia
KEYWORDS:
Brysocarpus coccineus, Isoniazid, Hepatotoxicity, Phytochemicals
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Enzyme Research,
Vol.5 No.3,
September
22,
2017
ABSTRACT: Isoniazid induced
hepatotoxicity is a major concern in patients taking anti tuberculosis
treatment and prophylaxis. It can result in elevated serum liver enzymes and
hepatic failure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the phytochemicals and
ameliorative effects of aqueous extracts of Brysocarpus
coccineus on serum liver enzymes in isoniazid (INH) induced hepatotoxicity
in adult male Wistar rats. Thirty six (36) adult male Wistar rats were divided
into six groups of six rats each and were treated orally for 30 days as
follows: Group I: 1 ml/kg of distilled water; group II: Isoniazid (27 mg/kg);
group III: Isoniazid (27 mg/kg) + Livolin forte (20 mg/kg); group IV: Isoniazid
(27 mg/kg) + B. coccineus (200
mg/kg); group V: Isoniazid (27 mg/kg) + B.
coccineus (400 mg/kg); group VI:
Isoniazid (27 mg/kg) + B. coccineus (800
mg/kg). At the end of the experiments, the Wistar rats were sacrificed
and sera obtained for liver enzymes assay, whereas the liver tissue was also
harvested and used for histological studies. Tanins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids
were quantitatively present at 2.29%, 18.05%, 23.24% and 18.99%, respectively.
There was an increase in the serum AST and ALT in the isoniazid treated group,
which was reversed by livolin forte and the aqueous extracts at a dose of 200 mg/kg,
however the extracts increased the serum levels of AST and ALT at higher doses,
which was however not significant (p > 0.05) when compared to the controls. There was evidence of a reduction in
hepatocytes damage in the extract
treated groups when compared to the Isoniazid untreated group. In
conclusion, aqueous extracts of B. coccineus shows hepatoprotective effects at 200 mg/kg in isoniazid hepatotoxicity in
adult male Wistar rats.