TITLE:
Identification of Atherosclerotic Changes Using B-Mode Ultrasonography in Nigerian Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
AUTHORS:
O.O. Ayoola, J.B.E. Elusiyan, T.A. Adedeji
KEYWORDS:
Diabetes, Childhood, Atherosclerosis, Ultrasound
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus,
Vol.7 No.3,
August
11,
2017
ABSTRACT:
Background: This study aimed at documenting the degree of atherosclerosis,
which is an important macrovascular complication in Nigerian children with
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus as determined by ultrasonography using the carotid,
femoral and brachial arteries. Method: A prospective observational study was
performed on all 10 children diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at the paediatric
endocrinology clinic, in a tertiary unit based in Nigeria over a six-month
period. Results: All 10 children were aged between 12 - 17 years (Median = 16
years) and consist of 5 (50%) males and 5 (50%) female. The duration of diabetes
ranged from 0.2 to 9 years. Four (40%) of the subjects had thickened
carotid intima media thickness on either the left or right common carotid artery;
5 (50%) had 0% flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery while the
remaining 5 (50%) had normal flow mediated dilation; while 2 (30%) had intima
media thickening of either the left or right superficial femoral artery using
a cut-off value of 0.9 cm. Conclusion: Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Mellitus have ultrasonic evidence of ongoing atherosclerosis. The use of ultrasound
is recommended for detection and monitoring of atherosclerotic
changes in children with DM.