Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T. (1991) Effect of Pipe Elbows and Tube Bundles on Selected Types of Flowmeters. Flow measurement and Instruments, 2, 4-13.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-5986(91)90050-2

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Comparison between Numerical and Experimental for UVP Measurement in Double Bent Pipe with Out-of-Plane Angle

  AUTHORS: Nobuyoshi Tsuzuki, Treenuson Weerachon, Hiroshige Kikura

  KEYWORDS: Double Bent Pipe, Twin Vortices, Vorticity, Comparison, Experimental, Numerical, CFD

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization, Vol.2 No.4, October 22, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Twin vortices flow behavior with out-of-plane angle effect in double bent pipe system is studied numerically and experimentally. Double bent pipe system generates very complicated flow behavior including twin vortices in the downstream of the double bent. Moreover, angle from the plane of the double bent forms more complicated flow behavior due to the flow twist by out-of-plane angle. In this study, numerical analysis is examined for this double bent system using three-dimensional CFD code, FLUENT, to reproduce those complicated flow behaviors with twin vortices. Numerical results are compared with experimental results obtained by Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler (UVP). Discrepancy between numerical and experimental result is discussed changing out-of- plane angle, α. Velocity profiles obtained by numerical results are converted into UVP profiles, and they are compared with the experimental results by UVP. Consequently, velocity behavior especially around the pipe wall obtained by numerical results is agreed with experimental results.