E. M. Leeper, “Equilibria under ‘Active’ and ‘Passive’ Monetary and Fiscal Policies,” Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 27, No. 1, February 1991, pp. 129-147.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: The Interaction of Monetary and Fiscal Policy: The Brazilian Case

  AUTHORS: Tito Belchior Silva Moreira, Fernando Antônio Ribeiro Soares, Adolfo Sachsida, Paulo Roberto Amorim Loureiro

  KEYWORDS: Active and Passive Policies, Non-Ricardian Regime, Public Debt and Fiscal Dominance Regime

  JOURNAL NAME: Modern Economy, Vol.2 No.2, May 17, 2011

  ABSTRACT: We tested, empirically, whether the Brazilian fiscal policy for the period between 1995:I to 2008:III was active or passive. To analyze fiscal policy transmission mechanisms, we estimated functions by which the public debt/GDP ratio affects investment, primary surplus, output gap and the demand for money. The ratio of public debt to GDP was found to be statistically significant, positively affecting the demand for money and the primary surplus, whereas it was found to negatively affect the level of investment and the output gap. We conclude that the Brazilian regime was non-Ricardian in the context of fiscal dominance.