TITLE:
Immature Embryo Rescue and in Vitro Development Evaluation of Intraspecific Hybrids from Brazilian Seedless Grapevine “Superior × Thompson” Clones
AUTHORS:
Eiryanne Fonseca de Menezes, Eliene Matos e Silva, Adriana Mayumi Yano-Melo, Patrícia Coelho de Souza Leão, Natoniel Franklin de Melo
KEYWORDS:
Vitis vinifera, Seedless Grapes, in Vitro Embryo Cultivation
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.5 No.13,
June
19,
2014
ABSTRACT:
The fruit production for
export is an economically significant activity in the Valley of S?o Francisco
River, especially in the irrigated lands of Petrolina-PE/Juazeiro-BA, Brazil.
The development of new genetic material most suitable to the tropical climate
and the demands of the consumer market have led to the selection of new
seedless grapes cultivars. In this case, the use of the embryo rescue technique
has produced satisfactory results for obtaining such materials, especially in
the semiarid region. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro development of intraspecific hybrids of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), derived from the
rescue of immature embryos resultant from the crossing of “Superior Seedless”
and “Thompson Seedless” Brazilian clones. To establish and develop the
cultivation, the culture media was supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose, 0.1 g/L
myo-inositol, 0.002 g/L glycine, 0.1 mg/L indoleacetic acid (IAA), 6.5 g/L of
agar, adjusted pH to 5.7. The experiment was evaluated after 90 days. The
variables measured were: number of nodes, number of leaves, plant height (cm),
number of roots and length (cm) of the root system and internodes. The period of 60 days
of in vitro culture of ovules
resulted in the highest values of embryos (about
50%), as well as better characterized developmental stages with higher
germination (47.3%). The three types of hybrid grapes evaluated in
micropropagation showed very similar values of the measured parameters, even
having originated from embryos of different developmental stages.