TITLE:
Cognitive and Behavioral Effects of Participatory Sex Education on the Dual Prevention of STI/HIV/AIDS and Unwanted Pregnancies among Adolescents in Kinshasa High Schools, DR Congo
AUTHORS:
Gabriel Vodiena Nsakala, Yves Coppieters, Patrick Kalambayi Kayembe
KEYWORDS:
Cognitive and Behavioral Effects; Sex Education; STI/HIV/AIDS; Unwanted Pregnancies; Adolescents; DRC
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Preventive Medicine,
Vol.4 No.4,
April
16,
2014
ABSTRACT:
Context: With the view to reorient both STI/HIV/AIDS prevention and
adolescents pregnancies, this research study aims at evaluating cognitive and
behavioral acquisitions, as well as the process of interactive sex education
participatory approach among adolescents in Kinshasa high schools. Methods:
Based on a “pre and post” virtually experimental design, two crosswise surveys
were conducted in Kinshasa, for six months in 2011-2012 on 484 high school
students (pre-survey) and on 441 high school students (post-survey), whose age
range from 14 - 19 years including both sexes. Two participatory educational
talks (PET) “A” and “B”, covered weekly in two different schools, were compared
to a control group school. The PET “A” consisted of interactive interpersonal
communication sessions given by an external expert as a substitute for the life
education course in one school. The PET “B” carried out in another school,
included more educational talk sessions, led by the external expert and
supplemented by a close follow-up of teenagers divided into small groups of 10
participants. The subjects’ assessment was based on their knowledge, attitudes
and practices relating to STI/HIV/AIDS dual prevention as well as to unwanted
pregnancies. Results: The subjects involved in the PET “B” displayed a
better/higher performance based on their knowledge, attitudes and practices
related to STI/HIV/AIDS dual prevention and unwanted pregnancies. Broadly speaking, knowledge has been improved 6 times with
the PET “B” (OR = 6, 10, IC 95%) (3.24 - 11.9), and 3 times with the PET “A”
(OR = 3, 45, IC 95%) (1.79 - 6.81), compared to control school. Similarly,
findings on subjects’ attitudes show an improvement rated 12 times with the
PET”B” (OR = 11, 99, IC 95%) (5.67 - 27.38) and 5 times for the PET “A” (OR =
5.51, IC 95%) (2.54 - 12.87). As far as the subjects’ practices are concerned,
an improvement of 6 more times of protected sexual intercourses with the PET
“B” compared with the control school group (OR = 6, 52, IC 95%) (3.60 - 12.0).
The process assessment records a spontaneous involvement of schools enhanced by
the positive contribution of Life Education and Biology teachers; add a massive
participation of adolescents who requested permanent PET program. Conclusion:
The results of this study suggest that school sexual education programs can be
improved to increase the quality of apprenticeship. The use of interactive
methods and the consideration of the adolescents’ specific needs that take into
account the gender approach may bring about beneficial advantages on both
educational outcomes and reproductive health of adolescents.