TITLE:
Aged Garlic Extract and One of the Constituent, (+)-(2S,3R)-Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol, Inhibits Alkaline Phosphatase Activity Induced by Inflammation Factors in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
AUTHORS:
Takahiro Yamakawa, Toshiaki Matsutomo, Thomas Hofmann, Yukihiro Kodera
KEYWORDS:
Vascular Smooth Muscle; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aged Garlic Extract; Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.5 No.2,
January
20,
2014
ABSTRACT:
Previous clinical study showed that aged garlic
extract (AGE) has a preventive effect of vascular calcification in patients
with coronary artery diseases. It has been reported that vascular smooth muscle
cells (VSMC) and inflammatory cells including macrophages and lymphocytes
migrate to sub-intimal region where atherosclerotic plaques are formed, and
VSMC can differentiate into osteoblast-like cells, which are represented by the
induction of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). We found that primary human coronary
artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) showed the increased ALP activity, when
cultured in the medium containing ascorbic acid, β-glycerophosphate, dexamethasone (IM), and supplemented with conditioned medium from
macrophages (MCM). Then we tested the effect of AGE subdivided fractions and several compounds found in AGE, and
then found that ((+)-(2S,3R)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, a dilignol compound
existed in hydrophobic fraction of AGE, inhibited ALP activity in HCASMC.