Work Factors and Commitment of Public Health Care Providers, in Oromiya Region, Ethiopia/2010: The Case of Equity and Extrinsic Factors

Girma Tenkolu Bune^*, Solomon Hailemariam Tesfaye, Henok Tadesse Ayele, Tadesse Alemu Zerfu

Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1100580                

Abstract

Statistical report of the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health for the years 2006/7 shows that the number of health professionals in the country is insignificant compared to the demand of the population. The objective of this study is assessing the factors which reduce the commitment of the professional health workers and force them to flee away to other places. For that, a cross-sectional design with multi-stage stratified sampling technique on a total of 660 health workers was employed. Following, the reliability of our data collection tools was assessed and then, principal component analysis with varimax rotation to identify components of the composite extrinsic factors with higher variance was also done. After that, factor scores, correlations, and stepwise multiple linear regressions were calculated. A total of 573 participants with a response rate of 86.03% were included in the study. A two-factor solutions from the 10 items with Eigen values = 6.8 and 1.2 was extracted for extrinsic factors, which were called as extrinsic factor_1 & _2, and one factor of affective commitment_1 from 6 was also extracted. Lastly, extrinsic factors of work_1 & _2 (B = 0.202, 95% CI 0.152, 0.253, p < 0.0001 and B = 0.231, 95% CI 0.169, 0.292, p < 0.0001) respectively are considered as predictors of workers commitment. This implies that, the higher workers dissatisfaction with extrinsic factors of work, the lower their affective commitments will be. Therefore, policy makers in the ministry of health should revise their policy to bring some improvement on the extrinsic factors of work such as, salary, fringe benefits, and the incentive system of health care organizations by assessing the conditions of those factors in each health care organization.

Keywords

Work Factors, Public Health Care

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Christian, U. (2000) Working Condition and Employees Commitment in Indigenous Private Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria. The Journal of Modern Africa Studies, 38, 295-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00003360
[2]	World Health Organization (2006) Working Together for Health: The World Health Report. WHO, Geneva.
[3]	Awases, M., Gbary, A., Nyoni, J. and Chatora, R. (2003) Migration of Health Professionals in Six Countries: A Synthesis Report. WHO-AFRO DHS, Brazzaville.
[4]	Serra, D., Serneels, P. and Lindelow, M. (2008) Discovering the Real World: How Health Workers’ Early Work Experience Affects Their Career Preferences. Health Systems for Outcomes Publication.
[5]	Kate, W. and Masako, T. (2002) Reframing Organizational Commitment within a Contemporary Careers Framework. Cornell University, Ithaca.
[6]	Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. and Snyderman, B.B. (1959) The Motivation to Work. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
[7]	O’Reilly, C.A. and Chatman, J. (1986) Organizational Commitment and Psychological Attachment: The Effects of Compliance, Identification, and Attachment on Prosocial Behaviour. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 492-499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.492
[8]	Tansik, D. (1980) Management: A Life-Cycle Approach. Irvin Dorsey, Homewood.
[9]	Meyer, J.P. and Allen, N.J. (1997) Commitment in the Workplace: Theory, Research, and Application. Sage, Newbury Park, 67.
[10]	Nunnally, J.C. (1978) Psychometric Theory. 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, New York.
[11]	Mosadeghrad, A.M., et al. (2008) A Study of the Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention among Hospital Employees. Health Services Management Research, 21, 211-227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/hsmr.2007.007015
[12]	Francoa, L.M., et al. (2004) Determinants and Consequences of Health Worker Motivation in Hospitals in Jordan and Georgia. Social Science & Medicine, 58, 343-355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00203-X
[13]	Efere, P. (2005) Motivation and Job Satisfaction. Trans-Atlantic College, London.
[14]	Abdel-Rahman, A.G., Fatma, M., Halim, A.W.E.A. and Allam, M.F. (2008) Low Job Satisfaction among Physicians in Egypt. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 7.
[15]	Knoop, R. (1995) Relationships among Job Involvement, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment for Nurses. Journal of Psychology, 129, 643-649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1995.9914935
[16]	Ingersoll, G., Olsan, T., Drew-Cates, J., et al. (2002) Nurses’ Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Career Intent. Journal of Nursing Administration, 32, 250-263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005110-200205000-00005