Differentiation of wild boar and domestic pig populations based on the frequency of chromosomes carrying endogenous retroviruses

Sergey V. Nikitin, Nikolay S. Yudin, Sergey P. Knyazev, Ruslan B. Aitnazarov, Vitaliy A. Bekenev, Valentina S. Deeva, Galina M. Goncharenko, Victor F. Kobzev, Margarita A. Savina, Viktor I. Ermolaev
DOI: 10.4236/ns.2010.26066                

Abstract

Analysis of the frequencies of chromosomes carrying various classes of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) and combinations of these classes was performed in the swine species Sus scrofa L. by using maps constructed in two principal component coordinates. Four population clusters can be recognized in the maps. Cluster 1 is formed by wild boars,cluster 2 by domestic meat breeds, cluster 3 by meat-and-lard (universal) breeds, and cluster 4 by miniature pigs. The maps indicate that modern domesticated swine meat breeds are the closest to the wild type. Meat-and-lard domestic swine breeds are more distant from wild boars, and miniature pigs are diverged the most. The maps showed that microevolution processes associated with PERV carriership frequency had two basic dimensions, or vectors: the vector of fat deposition variation and the “minus” selection vector (determination of commercial traits). Thus, PERVs may cause variation in pig physiology.

Keywords

Sus Scrofa; Endogenous Retroviruses; Pig Genetics; Microevolution; Genetic Distance De-termination

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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