Preparation of Calcium Phosphate with Oyster Shells

Hiroaki Onoda, Hironari Nakanishi

Department of Informatics and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/nr.2012.32011                

Abstract

Oyster shells have received attention for use as a calcium resource. For this study, calcium phosphate was prepared from phosphoric acid and oyster shells. The influences of the concentration of phosphoric acid and pH in the preparation conditions were studied from the yields of calcium phosphate and unreacted carbonate, and the Ca/P ratios in precipitates. The yield of calcium phosphate and carbonate was low in the preparation condition with 0.1 mol/l of phosphoric acid. The obtained precipitates were the mixture of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and the unreacted calcium carbonate. The reactivity of the oyster shells with phosphoric acid was discussed from the yields and Ca/P ratios in precipitates.

Keywords

Calcium Phosphate; Oyster Shells; Calcium Carbonate; Yield; Powder Properties

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

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[18]	J. Ryu, K.-Y. Kim, B.-D. Hahn, J.-J. Choi, W.-H. Yoon, B.-K. Lee, D.-S. Park and C. Park, “Photocatalytic Nanocomposite Thin Films of TiO2-Beta-Calcium Phosphate by Aerosol-Deposition,” Catal-ysis Communications, Vol. 10, No. 5, 2009, pp. 596-599. doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2008.10.045
[19]	H. Onoda, H. Kawade and A. Takenaka, “Preparation of Calcium Phosphates from Resemble Phosphorus Waste Water and Sea Urchin Shells,” Journal of Ecotechnology Research, Vol. 15, No. 3-4, 2010, pp. 107-111.
[20]	H. Onoda, M. Ichimura and A. Takenaka, “Preparation and Lead Removal Effects of Calcium Phosphates from Sea Urchin Shell,” Phosphorus Research Bulletin, Vol. 24, 2010, pp. 49-53. doi:10.3363/prb.24.49
[21]	Y. Yu, R. Wu and M. Clark, “Phosphate Removal by Hydrothermally Modified Fumed Silica and Pulverized Oyster Shells,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 350, No. 2, 2010, pp. 538-543. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2010.06.033
[22]	H. Onoda, H. Nakanishi and A. Takenaka, “Preparation of Calcium Phosphates with Corbicula Shells,” Journal of Ecotechnology Research, Vol. 16, No. 3-4, 2012, pp. 85-89.
[23]	A. P. Davis, M. Shokouhian, H. Sharma and C. Minami, “Water Quality Improvement through Bloretention Media: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal,” Water Environment Research, Vol. 78, No. 3, 2006, pp. 284-293. doi:10.2175/106143005X94376
[24]	G. Madhurambai, R. Subha and S. C. Mojumdar, “Crystallization and Thermal Characterization of Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate Crystals,” Journal of Thermal Analysis Calorimetry, Vol. 96, No. 1, 2009, pp. 73- 76. doi:10.1007/s10973-008-9841-1
[25]	J.-H. Jung, K.-S. Yoo, H.-G. Kim, H.-K. Lee and B.-H. Shon, “Reuse of Waste Oyster Shells as a SO2/NOx Removal Absorbent,” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 13, No. 4, 2007, pp. 512-517.
[26]	D. S. Jeon and S. H. Yeom, “Recycling Wasted Biomaterial, Crab Shells, as an Adsorbent for the Removal of High Concentration of Phosphate,” Bioresource Technology, Vol. 100, No. 9, 2009, pp. 2646-2649. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.035
[27]	J. Sawai, M. Satoh, M. Horikawa, H. Shiga and H. Kojima, “Heated Scallop-Shell Powder Slurry Treatment of Shredded Cabbage,” Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 64, No. 10, 2001, pp. 1579-1583.
[28]	J. Sawai, H. Shiga and H. Kojima, “Kinetic Analysis of the Bactericidal Action of Heated Scallop-Shell Powder,” International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 71, No. 2-3, 2001, pp. 211-218. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00619-5
[29]	M. P. Ginebra, T. Traykova and J. A. Planell, “Calcium Phosphate Cements as Bone Drug Delivery System: A Review,” Journal of Controlled Release, Vol. 113, No. 2, 2006, pp. 102-110. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.04.007
[30]	J. Ryu, K.-Y. Kim, B.-D. Hahn, J.-J. Choi, W.-H. Yoon, B.-K. Lee, D.-S. Park and C. Park, “Photocatalytic Nanocomposite Thin Films of TiO2-Beta-Calcium Phosphate by Aerosol-Deposition,” Catal-ysis Communications, Vol. 10, No. 5, 2009, pp. 596-599. doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2008.10.045
[31]	H. Onoda, H. Kawade and A. Takenaka, “Preparation of Calcium Phosphates from Resemble Phosphorus Waste Water and Sea Urchin Shells,” Journal of Ecotechnology Research, Vol. 15, No. 3-4, 2010, pp. 107-111.
[32]	H. Onoda, M. Ichimura and A. Takenaka, “Preparation and Lead Removal Effects of Calcium Phosphates from Sea Urchin Shell,” Phosphorus Research Bulletin, Vol. 24, 2010, pp. 49-53. doi:10.3363/prb.24.49
[33]	Y. Yu, R. Wu and M. Clark, “Phosphate Removal by Hydrothermally Modified Fumed Silica and Pulverized Oyster Shells,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 350, No. 2, 2010, pp. 538-543. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2010.06.033
[34]	H. Onoda, H. Nakanishi and A. Takenaka, “Preparation of Calcium Phosphates with Corbicula Shells,” Journal of Ecotechnology Research, Vol. 16, No. 3-4, 2012, pp. 85-89.
[35]	A. P. Davis, M. Shokouhian, H. Sharma and C. Minami, “Water Quality Improvement through Bloretention Media: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal,” Water Environment Research, Vol. 78, No. 3, 2006, pp. 284-293. doi:10.2175/106143005X94376
[36]	G. Madhurambai, R. Subha and S. C. Mojumdar, “Crystallization and Thermal Characterization of Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate Crystals,” Journal of Thermal Analysis Calorimetry, Vol. 96, No. 1, 2009, pp. 73- 76. doi:10.1007/s10973-008-9841-1