Z-Scan technique: To measure the total protein and albumin in blood
A.N. Dhinaa, P.K. Palanisamy
DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2010.33038   PDF    HTML     8,026 Downloads   16,317 Views   Citations

Abstract

Z-scan technique is an effective tool for measuring the optical nonlinearity of the materials. By using this technique the measurement was made for total protein and albumin. The nonlinear refractive index of the total protein and albumin were found to vary linearly with concentration. Hence by calculating the nonlinear refractive index it is possible to measure their concentration in the sample. The values measured thus are found in equivalence with conventional colorimetric method.

Share and Cite:

Dhinaa, A. and Palanisamy, P. (2010) Z-Scan technique: To measure the total protein and albumin in blood. Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 3, 285-290. doi: 10.4236/jbise.2010.33038.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Tietz, N.W. (1991) Clinical guide to laboratory tests, 2nd Edition, Saunders Co.
[2] Friedman, R.B and Young, D.S (1997) Effects of disease on clinical laboratory tests, 3rd Edition, AACC Press, Washington, DC.
[3] Gornall, A.G., Bardawill, C.J. and David, M.N. (1949) Determination of serum proteins by means of the Biüret reaction. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 177, 751-766.
[4] Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, R.J. (1951) Protein measurement with the folinphenol reagent, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265-275.
[5] Bradford, M.M. (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248-254.
[6] Zor, T. and Selinger, Z. (1996) Linearization of the bradford protein assay increases its sensitivity: Theoretical and experimental studies. Analytical Biochemistry, 236, 302-308.
[7] Flores, R. (1978) A rapid and reproducible assay for quantitative estimation of protein using bromophenol blue. Analytical Biochemistry, 88, 605-611.
[8] Lee Rodkly, F. (1964) Binding of bromocresol green by human serum albumin. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 108, 510-513.
[9] Caraway, W.T. and Kammeyer, C.W. (1972) Chemical interference by drugs and other substances with clinical laboratory test procedures. Clinica Chimica Acta, 41, 395-434.
[10] Elking, M.P. and Kabat, H.F. (1968) Drug induced modifications of laboratory test values. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 25, 485-519.
[11] Parvin, R., Pande, S.V. and Venkitasubramanian, T.A. (1965) On the colorimetric biuret method of protein determination. Analytical Biochemistry, 12, 219-229.
[12] De Ia Huerga, J., Smetters, G.W. and Sherrick, J.C. (1964) Colorimetric determination of serum proteins: The biuret reaction. In: Sunderman, F.W., Jr., Eds., Serum Proteins and the Dysproteinemias, Lippincott, Philadelphia, 52-62.
[13] Doumas, B.T. and Biggs, H.G. (1972) Standard Methods of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Press, New York, 7.
[14] Doumas, B.T., Watson, W.A. and Biggs, H.G. (1971) Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin withbromocresol green. Clinica Chimica Acta, 31, 87-96.
[15] Kroll, M.H. and Chesler, R. (1998) The nonlinearity seen for ldl-cholesterol with lyophilized material is a matrix effect. Clinical Chemistry, 44, 1770-1771.
[16] Kroll, M.H. and Chesler, R. (1994) Nonlinearity of high- density lipoprotein cholesterol determinations is matrix dependent. Clinical Chemistry, 40, 389-394.
[17] G′omez, S.L., Turchiello, R.F., Juradoc, M.C., Boschcov, P., Gidlund, M. and Figueiredo Neto, A.M. (2004) Characterization of native and oxidized human low-density Physics of Lipids, 132, 185-195.
[18] G′omez, S.L., Turchiello, R.F., Juradoc, M.C., Boschcov, P, Gidlund, M. and Figueiredo Neto, A.M. (2006) Ther-mallens effect of low density lipoprotein lyotropic-like aggregates investigated by using the Z-scan technique. Liquid Crystal Today, 15, 1-3.
[19] Rockwell, B.A., Roach, W.P., Rogers, M.E., Mayo, M.W., Toth, C.A., Cain, C.P. and Noojin, G.D. (1993) Nonlinear refraction in vitreous humor. Optics Letter, 18, 1792- 1794.
[20] Bezerra, A.G., Jr., Gomes, A.S.L., de Melo, C.P. and de Arafijo, C.B. (1997) Z-scan measurements of the nonlinear refraction in retinal derivatives. Chemical Physics Letters, 276, 445-449.
[21] Dhinaa, A.N., Ahmad, Y.N., Murali, K. and Palanisamy, P.K. (2008) Z-Scan Technique as a Tool for the Measurement of Blood Glucose. Laser Physics, 8, 1212-1216.
[22] Dhinaa, A.N. and Palanisamy, P.K. (2009) Z-scan technique for measurement of total cholesterol and triglycerides in blood. Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, 2, 295-301.
[23] Sheik Bahae, M., Said, A.A., Wei, T.H., Hagan D.J. and Vanstryland, E.W. (1990) Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam. Quantum Electron, 26, 760-769.
[24] Qusay, M.A. and Palanisamy, P.K. (2005) Investigation of nonlinear optical properties of organic dye by Z-scan technique using He-Ne laser. Optik, 116, 515-520.
[25] Madhanasundari, R. and Palanisamy, P.K. (2006) Optical nonlinearity of a triphenyl methane dye as studied by Z-scan and self-diffraction techniques. Modern Physics Letter B, 20, 887-897.
[26] Qusay, M.A. and Palanisamy, P.K. (2006) Z-scan determination of the third order optical nonlinearity of organic dye nileblue chloride. Modern Physics Letter B, 20, 623-632.
[27] Dhinaa, A.N., Ahmad, Y.N. and Palanisamy, P.K. (2007) Nonlinear optical properties of acid orange 10 dye by Z-scan technique using Ar+ laser. Journal of nonlinear Optical Physics and Materials, 16, 359-366.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.