Silver Nanoparticles: Green Route, Stability and Effect of Additives

Zaheer Khan, Javed Ijaz Hussain, Sunil Kumar, Athar Adil Hashmi, Maqsood Ahmad Malik

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DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2011.24048                

Abstract

Colloidal silver nanoparticles were prepared by reducing silver nitrate with oxalic acid in presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The synthesized silver particles show an intense surface plasmon band in the visible region. The work reported in this paper describes the effect of concentration of various additives (NaCl, NaBr, NaNO₃, Na₂SO₄ and NaH₂PO₄) and ammonia on the growth and stability of Ag-nanoparticles. In all the cases the rate decreases as the [electrolytes] or [ammonia] increases. The nature, polarizability and coordinating ability of the anions play vital roles for nucleus formation and the growth process, which subsequently form different size particles. Transmission electron microscopy, selected areas electron diffraction, and UV-visible spectroscopy have been employed to characterize Ag-nanoparticles. The effect of the following variables on the particle size and size distribution was investigated: the [oxalic acid], [CTAB] and [Ag⁺].The nanoparticles are stable in NaNO₃ and NaH₂PO₄ solutions; but NaCl, NaBr and Na₂SO₄ causes their aggregation.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles, Stability, Oxalic Acid, Additives, Ammonia

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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