Clusters—The Seeds of Droplets and Snowflakes

Boris Sedunov

Russian New University, Moscow, Russia.

DOI: 10.4236/vp.2015.13009                

Abstract

The clusters play a significant role in formation of Universe, in the condensation of matter and meteorological phenomena, in processes of life, and in our technologies. Therefore, they should be studied better. Modern electronic thermophysical databases are very rich sources of knowledge about cluster properties. This research is directed towards development and perfection of methods to extract properties of clusters from precise thermophysical data. The parallel between clusters, droplets and snowflakes helps in this investigation. The paper shows the achievements and discoveries on this way. The soft structural transition in cluster fractions is opposed to the abrupt phase transition at a condensation of matter.

Keywords

Real Gas, Cluster, Isomer, Molecular Interaction, Bond Energy, Equilibrium Constant, Nucleation, Condensation, Structural Transition, Heat Capacity, Potential Energy

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Sedunov, B. (2014) The Physics of Clusters in Real Gases. ATINER’S Conference Paper Series, No: PHY2014-1280. http://www.atiner.gr/papers/PHY2014-1280.pdf
[2]	Sedunov, B. (2013) Nanosized Objects in Equilibrium Supercritical Fluids, Proceedings of Joint European days on Equilibrium between Phases, Nancy, March 2013, Article ID: 01062.
[3]	Feynman, R. (1972) Statistical Mechanics; A Set of Lectures. W.A. Benjamin, Inc., Massachusetts.
[4]	Landau, L.D. and Lifshitz, E.M. (1980) Statistical Physics. Pergamon Press, London.
[5]	Sedunov, B. (2013) Thermal Analysis of Thermophysical Data for Equilibrium Pure Fluids. Journal of Modern Physics, 4, 8-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.47a2002
[6]	Webbook.NIST (2011) Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems. http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/
[7]	NIST TRC Official Site. NIST Thermodynamics Research Center. http://trc.nist.gov/
[8]	Kaplan, I.G. (2006) Intermolecular Interactions: Physical Picture, Computational Methods and Model Potentials. Wiley, New York. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047086334X
[9]	Aster, R.C., Borchers, B. and Thurber, C. (2012) Parameter Estimation and Inverse Problems. 2nd Edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
[10]	Sedunov, B. (2008) Monomer Fraction in Real Gases. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 11, 1-9.
[11]	Sedunov, B. (2012) Equilibrium Molecular Interactions in Pure Gases. Journal of Thermodynamics, 2012, Article ID: 859047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/859047
[12]	Sedunov, B. (2013) Equilibrium Thermal Physics of Noble Gases. Journal of Modern Physics, 4, 8-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.412b002
[13]	Sedunov, B. (2013) Equilibrium Structure of Dense Gases. Proceedings of Joint European Days on Equilibrium between Phases, Nancy, March 2013, Article ID: 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20130301002
[14]	Sedunov, B. (2012) The Analysis of the Equilibrium Cluster Structure in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 3, 899-904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2012.312A119
[15]	Sedunov, B. (2011) Structural Transition in Supercritical Fluids. Journal of Thermodynamics, 2011, Article ID: 194353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/194353
[16]	Sedunov, B. (2013) The Equilibrium Thermal Physics of Supercritical Fluids. International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, 1, 103-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijamsc.2013.12013
[17]	Ford, I.J. (2004) Statistical Mechanics of Nucleation: A Review. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 218, 883-889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406041474183
[18]	Sedunov, B. (2015) The Molecular Physics of Chain Clusters, Abstract Book. ATINER’S 3-rd Annual International Conference on Chemistry & Physics, Athens, 20-23 July 2015.
[19]	Koudryavtsev, A.B., Jameson, R.F. and Linert, W. (2001) The Law of Mass Action. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56770-4