Bidding Strategy in Deregulated Power Market Using Differential Evolution Algorithm

Abstract

The primary objective of this research article is to introduce Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm for solving bidding strategy in deregulated power market. Suppliers (GENCOs) and consumers (DISCOs) participate in the bidding process in order to maximize the profit of suppliers and benefits of the consumers. Each supplier bids strategically by choosing the bidding coefficients to counter the competitors bidding strategy. Electricity or electric power is traded through bidding in the power exchange. GENCOs sell energy to power exchange and in turn ancillary services to Independent System Operator (ISO). In this paper, Differential Evolution algorithm is proposed for solving bidding strategy problem in operation of power system under deregulated environment. An IEEE 30 bus system with six generators and two large consumers is employed to demonstrate the proposed technique. The results show the adaptability of the proposed method compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Monte Carlo simulation in terms of Market Clearing Price (MCP).

Share and Cite:

Sudhakar Angatha, V. , Chandram, K. and Laxmi, A. (2015) Bidding Strategy in Deregulated Power Market Using Differential Evolution Algorithm. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 3, 37-46. doi: 10.4236/jpee.2015.311004.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Lai, L.L. (2001) Power System Restructuring and Deregulation-Trading, Performance and Information Technology. Wiley, New York.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470846119
[2] Shahidepour, M., Yamin, H. and Li, Z. (2002) Market Operations in Electric Power Systems: Forecasting, Scheduling and Risk Management. Wiley, New York.
[3] Lamont, J.W. and Raman, S. (1997) Strategic Bidding in an Energy Brokerage. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 12, 1729-1733.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.627883
[4] Richter Jr., C.W. and Shible, G.B. (1998) Genetic Algorithm Evolution of Utility Bidding Strategies for the Competitive Marketplace. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 13, 256-261.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.651644
[5] Richter Jr., C.W., Shible, G.B. and Ashlock, D. (1998) Comprehensive Bidding Strategies with Genetic Programming: Finite State Automata. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 14, 1207-1212.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.801874
[6] Weber, J. and Overbye, T. (1999) A Two-Level Optimization Problem for Analysis of Market Bidding Strategies. IEEE PES Summer Meeting, 2, 682-687.
[7] David, A.K. and Wen, F. (2000) Strategic Bidding in Competitive Electricity Markets: A Literature Survey. IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 4, 2168-2173.
[8] Hao, S. (2000) A Study of Basic Bidding Strategy in Clearing Pricing Auctions. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 15, 975-980.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.871721
[9] Song, H., Liu, C.-C., Lawarree, J. and Dahlgren, R.W. (2000) Optimal Electricity Supply Bidding by Markov Decision Process. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 15, 618-624.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.867150
[10] Zhang D., Wang, Y. and Luh, P.B. (2000) Optimization Based Bidding Strategies in the Deregulated Market. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 15, 981-986.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.871722
[11] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2001) Optimal Bidding Strategies and Modeling of Imperfect Information among Competitive Generators. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 16, 15-21.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.910776
[12] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2001) Optimal Bidding Strategies for Competitive Generators and Large Consumers. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 23, 37-43.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-0615(00)00032-6
[13] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2001) Strategic Bidding for Electricity Supply in a Day-Ahead Energy Market. Electric Power Systems Research, 59, 197-206.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7796(01)00154-7
[14] Guan, X., Ho, Y.-C. and Lai, F. (2001) An Ordinal Optimization Based Bidding Strategy for Electric Power Suppliers in the Daily Energy Market. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 16, 788-797.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.962428
[15] David, A.K. (2002) Competitive Bidding in Electricity Supply. IEE Proceedings on Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 140, 421-426.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-c.1993.0061
[16] Gountis, V.P. and Bakirtzis, A.G. (2004) Bidding Strategies for Electricity Producers in a Competitive Electricity Market Place. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 19, 356-365.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2003.821474
[17] Li, T. and Shahidehpour, M. (2005) Strategic Bidding of Transmission-Constrained GENCOs with Incomplete Information. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 20, 437-447.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2004.840378
[18] Ma, X., Wen, F., Ni, Y. and Liu, J. (2005) Towards the Development of Risk-Constrained Optimal Bidding Strategies for Generation Companies in Electricity Markets. Electric Power Systems Research, 73, 305-312.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2004.07.004
[19] Attaviririyanupap, P., Kita, H., Tanaka, E. and Hasegawa, J. (2005) New Bidding Strategy Formulation for Day-Ahead Energy and Reserve Markets Based on Evolutionary Programming. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 27, 157-167.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2004.09.005
[20] Rahimiyan, M. and Mashhadi, H.R. (2008) Supplier’s Optimal Bidding Strategy in Electricity Pay-as-Bid Auction: Comparison of the Q-Learning and a Model Based Approach. Electric Power Systems Research, 78, 165-175.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2007.01.009
[21] Boonchuay, C., Ongsakul, W., Zhong, J. and Wu, F.F. (2010) Optimal Trading Strategy for GenCo in LMP-Based and Bilateral Markets Using Self-Organising Hierarchical PSO. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 2, 82-93.
[22] Soleymani, S. (2011) Bidding Strategy of Generation Companies Using PSO Combined with SA Method in the Pay as Bid Markets. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 33, 1272-1278.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2011.05.003
[23] Azadeh, A., Ghaderi, S.F., Nokhandan, B.P. and Sheikhalishahi, M. (2012) A New Genetic Algorithm Approach for Optimizing Bidding Strategy Viewpoint of Profit Maximization of a Generation Company. Expert System with Applications, 39, 1565-1574.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2011.05.015
[24] Kumar, J.V., Kumar, D.M.V. and Edukondalu, K. (2013) Strategic Bidding Using Fuzzy Adaptive Gravitational Search Algorithm in a Pool Based Electricity Market. Applied Soft Computing, 13, 2445-2455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2012.12.003
[25] Qiu, Z., Gui, N. and Decininck, G. (2013) Analysis of Equilibrium-Oriented Bidding Strategies with Inaccurate Electricity Market Models. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 46, 306-314.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2012.10.036
[26] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2000) Coordination of Bidding Strategies in Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets for Competitive Suppliers Using Genetic Algorithm. Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, Vol. 4, Seattle, 16-20 July 2000, 2174-2179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2000.866983
[27] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2001) Strategic Bidding for Electricity Supply in a Day-Ahead Energy Market. Electrical Power Systems Research, 59, 197-206.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7796(01)00154-7
[28] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2002) Coordination of Bidding Strategies in Day-Ahead Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 24, 251-261.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-0615(01)00038-2
[29] Wen, F.S. and David, A.K. (2002) Optimally Co-Ordinated Bidding Strategies in Energy and Ancillary Service Markets. IEE Proceedings on Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 149, 331-338.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-gtd:20020211
[30] Yang, L, Wen, F., Wu, F.F., Ni, Y. and Qiu, J. (2002) Development of Bidding Strategies in Electricity Markets Using Possibility Theory. IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology, 1, 182-187.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2002.1053529
[31] Kumar, J.V., Pasha, S.J. and Kumar, D.M.V. (2010) Strategic Bidding in Deregulated Market Using Particle Swarm Optimization. Annual IEEE India Conference, Kolkata, 17-19 December 2010, 1-6.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indcon.2010.5712648
[32] Zhang, G., Zhang, G.L., Gao, Y. and Lu, J. (2011) Competitive Strategic Bidding Optimization in Electricity Markets Using Bilevel Programming and Swarm Technique. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58, 2138-2146.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2010.2055770
[33] Sudhakar, A.V.V., Chandran, K. and Laxmi, A.J. (2014) Differential Evolution for Solving Multi Area Economic Dispatch. International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), New Delhi, 24-27 September 2014, 1146-1151.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICACCI.2014.6968486
[34] Storn, R. and Price, K. (1997) Differential Evolution—A Simple and Efficient Heuristic for Global Optimization over Continuous Spaces. Journal of Global Optimization, 11, 341-359.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008202821328

Copyright © 2023 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.