Clinicobiological Profile and Management Outcomes of Male Subfertility

Kimassoum Rimtebaye¹, Franklin Danki Sillong², Arya Zarif Agah Tashkand¹, Mignagnal Kaboro¹, Lamine Niang³, Serigne Magueye Gueye³

¹National General Referral Hospital of N’Djamena, N’Djamena, Chad.
²Prostestant Hospital of N’Gaoundéré, N’Gaoundéré, Cameroon.
³General Hospital of Grand Yoff of Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.

DOI: 10.4236/oju.2015.511033                

Abstract

Introduction: We aim to determine the epidemiology, clinical, paraclinical and etiologic aspects and to evaluate the management of male subfertility in urology. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of 137 patients referred to the urology department for male sub-fertility over a period of 4 years. The analyzed variables were: clinical, paraclinical characteristics and the post therapeutic evolution. Results: The mean age was 38.41 years (range: 24 to 67 years). The semen analysis was normal in 18 patients. The semen analysis showed oligoasthenozoospermia (45.3%) and total azoospermia (24.8%). Disease history was represented by: gonorrhea (27.7%), urogenital schistosomiasis (13.2%) and hernia repair (1.2%). The hormonal test showed abnormal hormone levels including: FSH (43.8%), LH (46.7%), testosterone (36.5%), prolactin (22.6%). The incriminated etiologic factors were: varicocele (5.8 %), smoking (23.7%), alcohol intake (25.4%) and sexually transmitted diseases (42.3%). The treatment was medical in 67.9% and surgical in 32.1% of cases. After a year of follow up, 13.9% of patient’s wives were pregnant. Conclusion: Male subfertility is common in Chad. The causes are numerous and diverse. The treatment is etiology based. A better management of sexually transmitted diseases and urogenital schistosomiasis is the best way to prevent it.

Keywords

Subfertility, Andrology, Hormone, Semen Analysis, Varicocele

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Agarwal, A., Mulgund, A., Hamada, A. and Chyatte, M.R. (2015) A Unique View on Male Infertility around the Globe. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 13, 9 p.
[2]	Li, H-J. (2014) More Attention Should Be Paid to the Treatment of Male Infertility with Drugs—Testosterone: To Use It or Not? Asian Journal of Andrology, 16, 270-273. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1008-682X.122343
[3]	Methorst, C. and Huyghe, E., Committee members of Andrology and Sexual Medicine of the French Association of Urology, Subcommittee Male fertility CAMS (2014) Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Interest of Antioxidants (Stress oxydant et infertilité masculine: Physiopathologie et intérêtthérapeutique des antioxydants). Progrès en Urologie, 24, 4-10.
[4]	Tarín, J.J., García-Pérez, M.A., Hamatani, T. and Cano, A. (2015) Infertility Etiologies Are Genetically and Clinically Linked with Other Diseases in Single Meta-Diseases. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 13, 11 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-015-0029-9
[5]	Ammar, T., Sidhub, P.S. and Wilkins, C.J. (2012) Male Infertility: The Role of Imaging in Diagnosis and Management. The British Journal of Radiology, 85, S59-S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr/31818161
[6]	Jallouli, M., Mefteh, S., Rebai, T. and Mhiri, R. (2010) Cryptorchidism: Effect on Fertility of Age at the Time of Orchidopexy, the Seat and the Size of the Testis and Epididymis of the Existence of Anomalies (Cryptorchidie: Influence sur la fertilité de l’age au moment de l’orchidopexie, du siège et de la taille du testicule et de l’existenced’ anomalies épididymaires). Andrologie, 20, 243-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12610-010-0107-y
[7]	Rimtebaye, K., Niang, L., Ndoye, M., Traore, I., Vadandi, V., Gueye, S.M. et al. (2014) Fournier’Sgangrene: Epidemiological, Clinical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects in Urology Department of N’Djamena (Gangrène de Fournier: Aspect épidémiologique, clinique, diagnostique et thérapeutique au service d’Urologie de N’Djamena). Revue Africained’Urologie et d’Andrologie, 1, 91-98.
[8]	Shindel, A.W. Nelson, C.J., Naughton, C.K. and Muhall, J.P. (2008) Premature Ejaculation in Infertile Couples: Prevalence and Correlates. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8, 485-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00690.x
[9]	Mass, A.Y., Goldfarb, D.S. and Shah, O. (2014) Taxi Cab Syndrome: A Review of the Extensive Genitourinary Pathology Experienced by Taxi Cab Drivers and What We Can Do to Help. Reviews in Urology, 16, 99-104.
[10]	Shindel, A.W. Nelson, C.J., Naughton, C.K., Ohebshalom, M. and Muhall, J.P. (2008) Sexual Function and Quality of Life in the Male Partner of Infertile Couples: Prevalence and Correlates of Dysfunction. Journal of Urology, 179, 1056-1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.10.069