Association of Protein Energy Wasting with Income in CKD Stage 3 Patients

Anita Saxena, Amit Gupta

Department of Nephrology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

DOI: 10.4236/wjet.2015.33B008                

Abstract

Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a major challenge in CKD. Objective: To assess PEW in predialysis patients on their first visit to a nephrologist. Methods: Three day dietary intake of 484 CKD stage 3 patients was taken. Appetite was assessed with ADAT. Patients were divided into groups based on appetite and BMI. Results: Male and female parameters are serum albumin 3.7 ± 0.84/3.68.8 ± 0.81 g/dL, total protein 7.02 ± 1.27/6.94 ± 1.26 g/dL, creatinine 4.68 ± 4.19/3.74 ± 3.36 mg% creatinine clearance 33.22 ± 30.48/37.55 ± 33.87 ml/minute, BMI 22.60 ± 4.29/23.43 ± 4.77kg/m2 energy/kg 16.97 ± 0.65/16.8 ± 0.64, protein g/kg 0.65 ± 0.28/0.64 ± 0.30, carbohydrate g/kg 2.98 ± 1.54/2.98 ± 0.1.36, fat g/kg 2.98 ± 0.23/2.79 ± 0.22, respectively. As appetite decreased, dietary protein and energy intake decreased significantly. Appetite in males and females: Average 14.46%, 4.13%, poor 9.7%, 18.18%, anorexic 13.2%, 7.4%. Income had strong correlation with BMI (p 0.000), dietary protein (p 0.000), energy (p 0.000) and carbohydrate (p 0.000). Appetite correlated with creatinine (p 0.019), dietary energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat (p 0.000) intake. BMI correlated (p 0.000) with fat, carbohydrate, energy and creatinine clearance. ANOVA showed significant difference within and between appetite groups in energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, creatinine clearance (p 0.000) and serum albumin (p 0.025). There was significant difference in protein (p 0.026), energy intake (p 0.000) and creatinine clearance (p 0.038) within and between BMI groups. Based on income, there was significant difference among groups in BMI (p 0.000), energy (p 0.019), protein (p 0.031) and albumin (0.001).

Keywords

Protein Energy Wasting, Appetite, Income, BMI, Chronic Kidney Disease

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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