Relationship of Workaholism with Teachers’ Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Fatemeh Rakhshanimehr¹, Hossein Jenaabadi^2*

¹Department of Psychology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
²Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

DOI: 10.4236/psych.2015.612144                

Abstract

Teachers voluntarily dedicate a lot of time to their vocational activates. This can lead to workaholism and may result in organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship of workaholism with organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior of teachers in Zahedan. This was a descriptive-correlational study. The sample included 300 teachers in Zahedan who were selected through applying stratified random sampling method and were examined using questionnaires on workaholism, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. To analyze the obtained data, correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression analysis were applied using SPSS₂₁. The obtained results indicated that teachers’ mean scores on workaholism, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior were higher than the considered theoretical mean. Workaholism and its components (feeling of being driven to work, work involvement, and work enjoyment) were significantly and positively related to organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.01). Moreover, the results of simultaneous multiple regression analysis indicated that components of workaholism could predict teachers’ organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05).

Keywords

Workaholism, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Teachers, Zahedan

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Afkhami Ardakani, M., & Farahi, R. (2012). Knowledge Workers’ Culture, Organizational Commitment and Desire to Leave Their Work: Design an Explanation Model in the Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. Science of Management, 6, 1-24.
[2]	Ahmadi, P., Tahmabi, R., Babashahi, J., & Fatahi, M. (2010). The Role of Personality Factors in Work Holism Formation. Transformation Management Journal, 2, 46-67. (Text in Persian)
[3]	Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal Occupational Psychology, 63, 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
[4]	Bennett, N., & Masholder, K. (1997). Cohesiveness and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 19, 163-72.
[5]	Bonebright, C. A., Clay, D. L., & Ankenmann, R. D. (2000). The Relationship of Workaholism with Work-Life Conflict, Life Satisfaction, and Purpose in Life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 469-477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.47.4.469
[6]	Burke, R. J. (2004). Introduction: Workaholism in Organizations. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 420-423.
[7]	Enaiati, G. R., Shekari, G. H., Tahmasbi, R., Ghaffari, H., & Shabani, M. (2012). Examining the Relationship between Workaholism and Organizational Commitment. Management and Development Process, 25, 93-114.
[8]	Gholipur, A., Nargeseyan, A., & Tahmasbi, R. (2008). Workaholism: The New Challenge of Human Resource Management. Danesh e Modiriyat, 21, 91-110. (Text in Persian)
[9]	Gorgievski, M. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Work Engagement and Workaholism: Comparing the Self-Employed and Salaried Employees. Journal Positive Psychology, 5, 83-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760903509606
[10]	Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job Demands, Job Decision Latitude, and Mental Strain: Implications for Job Redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 285-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2392498
[11]	Karasek, R. A., & Theorell, T. (1990). Healthy Work: Stress, Productivity and the Reconstruction of Working Life. New York: Basic Books.
[12]	Khaef Elahi, A. A., Nargesian, A., & Babashahi, J. (2012). Investigating the Relationship between Workaholism and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Case of: Nurses in Tehran City). Transformation Management Journal, 4, 21-37. (Text in Persian)
[13]	Madani, H., & Zahedi, M. J. (2005). Determining the Priority of Factors Affecting Organizational Commitment. Sociology of Iran, 6, 3-33.
[14]	McMillan, L. H. W., Brady, E. C., O’Driscoll, M. P., & Marsh, N. V. (2002). A Multifaceted Study of Spence and Robbins’ (1992) Workaholism Battery. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75, 357-368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/096317902320369758
[15]	Mudrack, P. E. (2004). Job Involvement, Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits, and Workaholic Behavioral Tendencies. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 490-508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810410554506
[16]	Naughton, T. J. (1987). A Conceptual View of Workaholism and Implications for Career Counselling and Research. Career Development Quarterly, 35, 180-187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1987.tb00912.x
[17]	Oates, W. (1971). Confessions of a Workaholic: The Facts about Work Addiction. New York: World Publishing Co.
[18]	Organ, D. W. (1998). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
[19]	Podsakoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 6, 513-563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307
[20]	Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2007). Organizational Behavior (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[21]	Schaufeli, W. B., Tarris, T. W., & Rhenen, W. V. (2008). Workaholism, Burnout, and Work Engagement: Three of a Kind or Three Different Kinds of Employee Well-Being? Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57, 173-203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00285.x
[22]	Scott, K. S., Moore, K. S., & Miceli, M. P. (1997). An Exploration of the Meaning and Consequences of Workaholism. Human Relations, 50, 287-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872679705000304
[23]	Seyed Javadian, S. R., Nargesian, A., & Abbasshahi, J. B. (2010). Examining the Relationship between Work Involvement and Characteristics of Users’ Behavior. Managerial Perspective, 1, 47-62.
[24]	Sharifi, S., Salimi, G. A., & Ahmadi, S. A. (2010). Examining the Relationship between Personality Characteristics and Organizational Commitment among Managers and Elementary School Teachers. A New Approach in Educational Management, 1, 81-106.
[25]	Smith, D. E., & Seymour, R. B. (2004). The Nature of Addiction. In R. H. Coombs (Ed.), Handbook of Addictive Disorders: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment (pp. 3-30). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[26]	Snir, R., & Harpaz, I. (2004). Attitudinal and Demographic Antecedents of Workaholism. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 520-536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810410554524
[27]	Spence, J. T., & Robbins, A. S. (1992). Workaholism: Definition, Measurement, and Preliminary Results. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 160-178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5801_15
[28]	Taris, T. W., Geurts, S. A. E., Schaufeli, W. B., Blonk, W. B., & Lagerveld, S. E. (2008). All Day and All of the Night: The Relative Contribution of Two Dimensions of Workaholism to Well-Being in Self-Employed Workers. Work and Stress, 22, 153-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678370701758074
[29]	Ziaee, S., & Nargesian, A. (2012). Examining the Relationship between Workaholism and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Members of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Teachers in Tehran. Sport Management, 4, 86-105.