Voltage Stabilization of Hybrid Micro-Grid Using Super Capacitors

Jamshed Khan¹, Usman Nasir²

¹Goldwind Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China.
²North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China.

DOI: 10.4236/jpee.2015.36001                

Abstract

Scarcity of fossil fuel resources has motivated the researchers to develop renewable energy based power projects. Instead of using a single or independent renewable energy source, it is preferable to use the combination of such energy sources in a distributed way to compensate the power fluctuations of the system and this leads to the concept of hybrid micro-grid energy. Voltage stability is an important parameter for the secure operation of the hybrid-micro grid, and IEEE 1547 Standard defines the limit of the voltage for the successful operation of the micro-grid. Although Vanadium Redox Batteries (VRBs) can help the system to stabilize the voltage when voltage sag occurs when a heavy load is suddenly connected to the system, this stabilization process takes some time. This paper discusses the application of super capacitors to the hybrid micro-grid system, as a higher energy density element, to help the system quickly recover its transient voltage.

Keywords

Super Capacitors, Micro-Grid, Voltage Sags, Voltage Stabilization, Hybrid Micro-Grid

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Hassanzahraee, M. and Bakhshai, A. (2011) Transient Droop Control Strategy for Parallel Operation of Voltage Source Converters in an Islanded Mode Microgrid. IEEE 33rd International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC), Amsterdam, 9-13 October 2011, 1-9.
[2]	Liang, Y.W., Hu, Z.J. and Chen, Y.P. (2003) A Survey of Distributed Generation and its Application in Power System. Power System Technology, 27, 71-75.
[3]	Han, M.X., Su, X.L., Lin, S.B. and Zhao, Z.K. (2013) Transient Analysis and Control for Microgrid Stability Controller. 2013 IEEE PowerTech (POWERTECH), Grenoble, 16-20 June 2013, 1-6.
[4]	ANSI C84.1-2006 Electric Power Systems and Equipment—Voltage Ratings (60 Hertz). http://wenku.baidu.com/view/1554580d6c85ec3a87c2c563.html
[5]	IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems, IEEE Standard 1547, 2003.
[6]	Xu, Z., Zhang, P. and Wang, Q. (2012) The Key Technology Research on Transient Stability Control of Micro-Grid. China International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CICED), Shanghai, 10-14 September 2012, 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CICED.2012.6508621
[7]	Deng, W., Pei, W. and Qi, Z.Q. (2008) Impact and Improvement of Distributed Generation on Voltage Quality in Micro-Grid. 3rd International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies, Nanjing, 6-9 April 2008, 1737-1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523687
[8]	Li, W. and Joós, G. (2008) A Power Electronic Interface for a Battery Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Wind Applications. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference (PESC), Rhodes, 15-19 June 2008, 1762-1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesc.2008.4592198
[9]	Qiu, X., Nguyen, T.A., Crow, M.L. and Elmore, A.C. (2014) Modeling of Vanadium Redox Battery by Field Analysis and Neural Network Approach. Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI), Champaign, 28 February-1 March 2014, 1-7.
[10]	Chahwan, J., Abbey, C., Chamberland, M. and Joos, G. (2007) Battery Storage System Modelling, Design and Operation for Wind Energy Integration in Power Systems. CIGRE Canada Conference on Power Systems, Calgary, 26-28 August 2007, 1-8.
[11]	Peas Lopes, J.A., Moreira, C.L. and Madureira, A.G. (2005) Defining Control Strategies for Analysing Microgrids Islanded Operation. IEEE Russia Power Tech, St. Petersburg, 27-30 June 2005, 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2005.4524548
[12]	Li, M.H., Funaki, T. and Hikihara, T. (2007) A Study of Output Terminal Voltage Modeling for Redox Flow Battery Based on Charge and Discharge Experiments. 4th Power Conversion Conference, Nagoya, 2-5 April 2007, 221-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pccon.2007.372971
[13]	Nasir, U., Iqbal, Z., Minxiao, H. and Rasheed, M.T. (2015) Active and Reactive Power Control of a Variable Speed Pumped Storage System using DFIM’s Stator. The Paper Is Accepted and Will Be Presented at Rome, Italy, 10-13 June 2015.