Non-Vanishing Space Time Block Code for Three Time Slots and Two Transmit Antennas

Ali Azarbar

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Parand Branch, Tehran, Iran.

DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2015.36008                

Abstract

Recently, space time block codes (STBCs) are proposed for multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) antenna systems. Designing an STBC with both low decoding complexity and non-vanishing property for the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) remains an open issue. In this paper, first our previously proposed STBC’s non-vanishing property will be completely described. The proposed STBC scheme has some interesting properties: 1) the scheme can achieve full rate and full diversity; 2) its maximum likelihood (ML) decoding requires a joint detection of three real symbols; 3) the minimum determinant values (MDVs) do not vanish by increasing signal constellation sizes; 4) compatible with the single antenna transmission mode. The sentence has been dropped. Second, in order to improve BER performance, we propose a variant of proposed STBC. This scheme further decreases the detection complexity with a rate reduction of 33%; moreover, non-vanishing MDVs property is preserved. The simulation results show the second proposed STBC has better BER performance compared with other schemes.

Keywords

Space Time Block Codes, Maximum Likelihood Decoding, Non-Vanishing Minimum Determinant Value

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Alamouti, S.M. (1998) A Simple Transmitter Diversity Scheme for Wireless Communication. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications Home, 16, 1451-1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.730453
[2]	Tarokh, V., Jafarkhani, H. and Calderbank, A.R. (1999) Space-Time Block Codes from Orthogonal Designs. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 45, 1456-1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.771146
[3]	Jafarkhani, H. (2001) A Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 49, 1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.898239
[4]	Tirkkonen, O., Boariu, A. and Hottinen, A. (2000) Minimal Nonorthogonality Rate 1 Space-Time Block Code for 3+ Tx Antennas. 2000 IEEE 6th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, 2, 429-432.
[5]	3rd Generation Partnership Project (2008) Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA). Physical Channels and Modulation (Release 8) 3GPP TS 36.211.
[6]	Alcatel Shanghai Bell, Alcatel-Lucent (2008) STBC-II Scheme for Uplink Transmit Diversity in LTE-Advanced R1-082500, 3GPP TSG RAN WG 1 Meeting #53 Bis.
[7]	Alcatel Shanghai Bell, Alcatel-Lucent (2009) STBC-II Scheme with Nonpaired Symbols for LTE-Advanced Uplink Transmit Diversity, R1-090058, 3GPP TSG RAN WG 1 Meeting #55 Bis.
[8]	Lei, Z.D., Yuen, C. and Chin, F. (2010) Three-Time-Slot Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Cape Town, 23-27 May 2010, 1-5.
[9]	Lei, Z.D., Yuen, C. and Chin, F. (2011) Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes for Two Transmit Antennas and Three Time Slots. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 10, 1983-1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2011.032411.101636
[10]	Ren, T.P., Guan, Y.L., Yuen, C. and Shen, R.J. (2010) Fast-Group-Decodable Space-Time Block Code. 2010 IEEE Information Theory Workshop on Information Theory (ITW 2010, Cairo), Cairo, 6-8 January 2010, 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2011.032411.101636
[11]	Ren, T.P., Guan, Y.L., Yuen, C., Zhou, Y. and Zhang, E.Y. (2011) Optimization of Fast-Decodable Full-Rate STBC with Non-Vanishing Determinants. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 59, 2063-2069.
[12]	Ren, T.P., Yuen, C., Guan, Y.L. and Wang, K.H. (2012) 3-Time-Slot Group-Decodable STBC with Full Rate and Full Diversity. IEEE Communications Letters, 16, 86-88.
[13]	Ahmadi, M. and Vakily, V.T. (2013) A Novel Space Time Block Code Scheme for Three Time Slots and Two Transmit Antennas. IEEE Communications Letters, 17, 455-458.
[14]	Tarokh, V., Seshadri, N. and Calderbank, A.R. (1998) Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communication: Performance Analysis and Code Construction. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 44, 744-765.http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.661517
[15]	Yao, H. and Wornell, G. (2003) Achieving the Full MIMO Diversity Multiplexing Frontier with Rotation Based Space-Time Codes. Proceedings of the Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, 1-3 October 2003, 10 p.
[16]	Tavildar, S. and Viswanath, P. (2006) Approximately Universal Codes over Slow Fading Channels. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 52, 3233-3258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2006.876226
[17]	Dayal, P. and Varanasi, M.K. (2003) An Optimal Two Transmit Antenna Spacetime Code and Its Stacked Extensions. Proceedings of the Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Pacific Grove, 8-11 November 2003, 987-991.
[18]	Belfiore, J.-C., Rekaya, G. and Viterbo, E. (2005) The Golden Code: A 2×2 Full-Rate Space-Time Code with Non-Vanishing Determinants. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 51, 1432-1436.
[19]	Ionescu, D.M. (1999) New Results on Space-Time Code Design Criteria. Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, New Orleans, 21-25 September 1999, 684-687.
[20]	Ionescu, D.M. (2003) On Space-Time Code Design. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2, 20-28.
[21]	Sinnokrot, M.O. and Barry, J.R. (2009) A Single-Symbol-Decodable Space Time Block Code with Full Rate and Low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8, 2242-2246.http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2009.080480