Arterial Supply of Atrioventricular Node and Bundle in Relation to Degree of Stenosis of Coronary Artery among Sudanese Population (Coronary Angiography Study)

Khalid M. Taha¹, Abubaker Y. Elamin^2,3,4, Mohammed H. Karrar Alsharif^2,5, Deya Eldin A. Mohamed^4,6

¹Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Karary University, Omdurman, Sudan.
²Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
³Emergency Medical Specialtist Department, Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, KSA.
⁴Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan.
⁵Anatomy Department, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, KSA.
⁶Department of Medical Imaging, Al-Ghad International College for Applied Medical Sciences, Dammam, KSA.

DOI: 10.4236/wjcd.2015.55015                

Abstract

The coronary arteries diseases are one of the most causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, particularly in the developing countries. Coronary obstructions are generally described by location and severity of stenosis. Manual tracing and measurement of the stenosis vessel in comparison to reference location of stenosis can be helpful to classify whether a lesion is significant or not. The aim of this study is to identify the dominant type of circulation carried out in patients presented in heart institute and associated with degree of stenosis in RCA and LAD artery. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out on patients reporting to Heart Institute from June 2013 to August 2013 (311 patients records as a total coverage were collected as sample) whose coronary artery angiography revealed pathology in coronary arteries. Result: The findings were 71.7% right dominant, 23.5% left dominant and 4.8% co-dominant; LAD tends to be stricture with right dominant circulation type. LAD artery tends to be stenosis at proximal and mid segment while in the RCA tends to be stenosis in mid and distal segments. The right dominant artery is popular type of circulation in Sudanese people reported in Sudan Heart Institute; there is no significance association between gender and arterial type of circulation and also degree stenosis in LAD degree of stenosis in RCA. I observed that the site of stenosis in LAD artery was proximal and mid (P value < 0.05 significance association). Conclusion: Patients present at the heart institute are right dominant mostly coming with proximal and middle LAD stenosis unlike RCA which commonly presents with distal and middle stenosis, so the middle segment of coronary artery is stenosis in both situations. There are wild variations in dominance artery in relation to reduction of diameter in deferent ethic group. There are no significant associations between the gender and dominant artery.

Keywords

Coronary Arteries, RCA, LAD, Stenosis, Angiography, Atrio Ventricular Node

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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