Parent’s Perceived Provision of Information Regarding Diagnosis to Children with Brain Tumors

Iori Sato¹, Akiko Higuchi^1,2, Takaaki Yanagisawa³, Akitake Mukasa⁴, Kohmei Ida⁵, Yutaka Sawamura⁶, Kazuhiko Sugiyama⁷, Nobuhito Saito⁴, Toshihiro Kumabe⁸, Mizuhiko Terasaki⁹, Ryo Nishikawa¹⁰, Yasushi Ishida¹¹, Kiyoko Kamibeppu¹

¹Department of Family Nursing, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
²Children’s Cancer Association of Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
³Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan.
⁴Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.
⁶Sawamura Neurosurgery Clinic, Sapporo, Japan.
⁷Department of Clinical Oncology & Neuro-Oncology Program, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
⁸Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
⁹Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
¹⁰Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan.
¹¹Pediatric Medical Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/ojn.2015.55048                

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to clarify the degree of information provision to children with brain tumors, factors influencing this provision, and the relationship between this provision and psychosocial consequences. Methods: A total of 157 parents completed a questionnaire on the degree of information provision to their children and sociodemographic and medical characteristics. Parents and their children completed subscales of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Cancer Module. Relevant factors were investigated using ordinal logistic regression analysis and compared with PedsQL scores by degree of information provision with adjustment for age. Results: The majority of children aged 2 - 4 years received a low level of information only in regard to medical procedure and preparation. The majority of children aged 5 - 11 years were provided information regarding disease symptoms and treatment, but not actual diagnosis. Approximately half of children aged 12 - 18 years were provided detailed information including their actual diagnosis. Older children generally received more information regarding their disease (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3 per 1 year old, P < 0.001), while children with intellectual disability received less (OR = 0.2, P = 0.006). The provision of information did not worsen scores for Procedural Anxiety, Treatment Anxiety, Worry, or Communication. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report on the degree of information provision to children with brain tumors. Parents of children with brain tumors in Japan provide information dependent on age and intellectual level. The disclosure of information to children regarding their disease might affect their trust of medical and health care professionals.

Keywords

Adolescent, Brain Neoplasms, Child, Quality of Life, Truth Disclosure

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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