Multi Drug Resistance Bacterial Isolates of Surgical Site Infection

Chandra Prakash Bhatt^1*, Rina Baidya², Prakash Karki³, Rikesh Kumar Shah³, Rashiak Miya³, Pratima Mahashate³, Kaushal Kishor Mishra³

¹Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal.
²B and B Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal.
³Nobel College, Kathmandu, Nepal.

DOI: 10.4236/ojmm.2014.44022                

Abstract

Multi drug resistance microorganism is considered to be one of the major health problems. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens of surgical site infection. A total 250 samples were included, out of which 62.4% showed significant bacterial growth. Gram negative bacteria were 85.25% and gram positive bacteria were 14.75%; among them 65.38% of the total isolates were multi drug resistance (MDR). The age group between 31 - 40 found the highest number of isolates 22.4%. Among gram negative bacilli, the highest production of MDR was found in Acinetobacter spp. followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. In gram positive cocci, the highest production of MDR was found in Staphylococcus aureus. Acinetobacter spp. was found highly susceptible to amikacin and gentamycin 20.1% followed by ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin 18.6% and 16.2% respectively. Staphylococcus aureus showed 100% sensitive to clindamycin whereas penicillin showed 100% resistance followed by amoxycillin (93.75%). Amikacine and clindamycin were drugs of choice for gram negative and gram positive bacteria respectively. This study showed that alarming increase of infections was caused by multi drug resistance bacterial organisms. It increases length of stay and may produce lasting sequelae and requires extra resources for investigations, management and nursing care. Surveillance of surgical site infection is a useful tool to demonstrate the magnitude of the problem and find out appropriate preventive methods.

Keywords

Acinetobacter Spp., Bacterial Pathogens, Multi Drug Resistance (MDR)

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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