Application of “Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory” in Sweden after miscarriage
Caroline Jansson, Annsofie Adolfsson
.
DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2011.22021   PDF    HTML     18,175 Downloads   36,502 Views   Citations

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to apply Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory to the follow-up visit with a midwife for Swedish women who have suffered early miscarriage or received care for late missed miscarriage in preg-nancy week 18-20. Methods: Twenty-five tape recorded interviews with women four weeks after their early miscarriages and thirteen tape recorded semi-structured interviews with midwives and nurses who had the experience of caring for women who have been diagnosed with a missed miscarriage during a routine ultrasound scan. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and interpreted deductively from the text using the theory. Results: Each woman described her personal experience of miscarriage in the relative terms of a human experience. The midwives and nurses described their experiences with women who received care for missed miscarriage. The interviews included information about the treatment provided by the caregivers during the period afterward of the diagnosis. The caregiver attitude was formed from Swanson’s caring categories: “Maintaining belief”, “knowing”, “being with”, “doing for”, “enabling”. Conclusions: Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory as applied to the caregiver includes being emotionally present, giving support with respect for the woman’s dignity, being competent, meeting each woman’s own individual needs. Given the proper care after a miscarriage every woman has the power within herself to improve their wellbeing.

Share and Cite:

C. Jansson and A. Adolfsson, "Application of “Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory” in Sweden after miscarriage," International Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol. 2 No. 2, 2011, pp. 102-109. doi: 10.4236/ijcm.2011.22021.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] A. Adolfsson and P. G. Larsson, “Cumulative Incidence of Previous Spontaneous Abortion in Sweden in 1983-2003: A Register Study,” Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, Vol. 85. No. 6, 2006, pp. 741-747. doi:10.1080/00016340600627022
[2] A. Adolfsson, P. G. Larsson, B. Wijma and C. Berter?, “Guilt and Emptiness: Women’s Experiences of Miscar-riage,” Health Care for Women International, Vol. 25. No. 6, 2004, pp. 543-560. doi:10.1080/07399330490444821
[3] M. H. Hutti, “Social and Professional Support Needs of Families after Perinatal Loss,” Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, Vol. 34. No. 5, 2005, pp. 630-638. doi:10.1177/0884217505279998
[4] C. Jansson and A. Adolfsson, “Swedish Study of Mid-wives’ and Nurses’ Experiences when Women are Diag-nosed with a Missed Miscarriage during a Routine Ultra-sound Scan,” Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, Vol. 2. No. 1, April 2010, pp. 67-72. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2010.01.002
[5] J. Cullberg, “To Meet People in Crisis.” In: J. Cullberg and T. Lundin, Eds., 5th Edition, Crisis and Development, Nature and Culture, Stockholm, 2006, pp. 156-178.
[6] A. Adolfsson, C. Berter? and P. G. Larsson, “Effect of Structured Follow-up Visit to a Midwife on Women with Early Miscarriage: A Randomized Study,” Acta Obstetri-cia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, Vol. 85. No. 3, 2006, pp. 330-335. doi:10.1080/00016340500539376
[7] K. Stratton and L. Lloyd, “Hospital-Based Interventions at and Following Miscarriage: Literature to Inform a Research—Practice Initiative,” Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vol. 48. No. 1. February 2008, pp. 5-11. doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.2007.00806.x
[8] K. M. Swanson. H. T. Chen. J. C Graham. D. M Wojnar and A. Petras. “Resolution of Depression and Grief during the First Year after Miscarriage: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Couples Focused Interventions,” Journals of Women’s Health, Vol. 18, No. 8, August 2009, pp. 1245-1257. doi:10.1089/jwh.2008.1202
[9] N. Brier, “Grief Following Miscarriage a Comprehensive Review of the Literature,” Journals of Women’s Health, Vol. 17, No. 3, April 2008, pp. 451-464.
[10] K. M. Swanson. Z. A. Karmali, S. H. Powell and F. Pulvermakher, “Miscarriage Effects on Couples’ Interpersonal and Sexual Relationships during the First Year after Loss: Women’s Perceptions,” Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol. 65, No. 5, 2003, pp. 902-910.
doi:10.1097/01.PSY.0000079381.58810.84
[11] K. M. Swanson, “Research-Based Practice with Women who have had Miscarriages,” Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Vol. 31. No. 4, 1999, pp. 339-345. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.1999.tb00514.x
[12] K. M. Swanson-Kauffman, “A Combined Qualitative Methodology for Nursing Research,” Advances in Nursing Science, Vol. 8. No. 3, 1986, pp. 58-69.
[13] K. M. Swanson, “Nursing as Informed Caring for the Well-being of others,” Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Vol. 25, No. 4, 1993, pp. 352-357. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00271.x
[14] K. M. Swanson, “Empirical Development of Middle Range Theory of Caring,” Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 40, No. 3, 1991, pp. 161-166.
[15] K. M. Swanson, “Effects of Caring. Measurement and time on Miscarriage Impact and Women’s Well-being.” Journal of Nursing Research, Vol. 48, No. 6, 1999, pp. 288-298. doi:10.1097/00006199-199911000-00004
[16] K. M. Swanson-Kauffman, “Caring in the Instance of Unexpected Early Pregnancy Loss,” Topics in Clinical Nursing, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1986, pp. 37-46.
[17] S. Cobbs, “Social Support as a Moderator of Stress,” Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol. 38, No. 5, 1976, pp. 300-314.
[18] J. Watson, “Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Car-ing,” Little. Brown and Company, Boston, 1979.
[19] J. Watson, “Nursing: Human Science and Human Care,” Appleton-Century-Crolls, Norwalk, 1985.
[20] P. Benner, “From Novice to Expert,” Addison-Wesley, Menlo Park, 1984.
[21] S. Kvale and S. Brinkmann, “The Qualitative Research Interview,” 2nd Edition, Studentsliterature, Lund, 2009.
[22] M. Q. Patton. “Qualitative Evaluation Research Methods,” 2nd Edition, Sage Publications Ltd., Newburry Park. 2002.
[23] K. Krippendorff, “Content Analysis: An Introduction,” 2nd Edition, Sage Publications Ltd., London, 2004.
[24] World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. “Helsinki: The Association 1964-2008,” January 10th 2008. http://www.wma.net/e/policy/b3.html
[25] R. K. Simmons, G. Singh, N. Maconochie, P. Doyle and J. Green, “Experience of Miscarriage in the UK: Qualitative Findings from the National Women′s Health Study,” So-cial Science & Medicine, Vol. 63, No. 7, October 2006, pp. 1934-1946. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.04.024

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.