Diagnosis of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Using Sound Transmission in Neonates

Nicolas Padilla-Raygoza¹, Diana Medina-Alvarez¹, Ma Laura Ruiz-Paloalto², Teodoro Cordova-Fraga³, Modesto Antonio Sosa-Aquino³, Aaron Huetzin Perez-Olivas³

¹Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Division of Health Sciences and Engineering, Campus Celaya Salvatierrra, University of Guanajuato, Celaya, Mexico.
²Department of Clinical Nursing, Division of Health Sciences and Engineering, Campus Celaya Salvatierrra, University of Guanajuato, Celaya, Mexico.
³Department of Engineering Physics, Division of Engineering Science, Campus Leon, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.

DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.618289                

Abstract

The developmental dysplasia of the hip disease is in 1% of newborns, and it is a risk factor for dislocation of the hip; only 1 from 7000 newborns develops dislocation of the hip. Newborns were selected from public and private hospitals in Celaya, Guanajuato. Parents were asked to sign informed consent. Clinical maneuvers were applied for diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip, on three consecutive occasions, two by the same investigator and the third by a different observer: Ortolani, Barlow, Piston, Galeazzi, Peter Baden, the comparative sound transmission test, and comparative sound transmission with extension/flexion test were applied. The diagnosis was confirmed with ultrasound of hip, technique Graf, I healthy hip, II functionally immature, III subluxation, and IV dislocation. Sample size was 8 affected hips and 56 healthy hips. Kappa for intra observer and inter observer reliability were measured; the validity was measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, using the ultrasound diagnosis as the gold standard. The sample consisted of 78 neonates hips with female’s predominance. With comparative sound transmission test was obtained Kappa intra observer 0.80, Kappa inter observer 0.93, sensitivity 45.45%, specificity 96.27%, positive predictive value 66.67% and negative predictive value 91.49%; with comparative sound transmission with extension/flexion, was 0.83, 0.92, 72.73%, 95.52%, 72.73%, and 95.52%, respectively. The tests compared the sound transmission help better diagnose developmental dysplasia disease of the hip.

Keywords

Sound Transmission, Newborns, Developmental Dysplasia of Hip

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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