Crime Mapping in Nigeria Using GIS

Toju Francis Balogun^*, Henry Okeke, Christain Ifanyin Chukwukere

Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2014.65039                

Abstract

This paper first examines crime situation in Benin metropolis using questionnaire to elicit information from the public and the police. Result shows that crime is on the rise and that the police are handicapped in managing it because of the obsolete methods and resources at their disposal. It also reveals that members of the public have no confidence in the police force as 80% do not report cases for fear of exposure to the informant to the criminal. In the light of these situations, the second part of the paper looks at the possibility of utilizing GIS for effective management of crime in Nigeria. This option was explored by showing the procedural method of creating 1) digital landuse map showing the crime locations, 2) crime geo-spatial database, and 3) spatial analysis such as query and buffering using ILWIS and ArcGIS software and GPS. The result of buffering analysis shows crime hotspots, areas deficient in security outfit, areas of overlap and areas requiring constant police patrol. The study proves that GIS can give a better synoptic perspective to crime study, analysis, mapping, proactive decision making and prevention of crime. It however suggests that migrating from traditional method of crime management to GIS demands capacity building in the area of personnel, laboratory and facilities backed up with policy statement.

Keywords

Crime, Hotspot, Geospatial Data, Database Design, Conceptual Modeling, Logical Design, Physical Design, Entity Relationship, Relationship Enforcement

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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