Essential metal Zn in sponge Callyspongia aerizusa from Spermonde Archipelago

Lydia Melawaty, Alfian Noor, Tjodi Harlim, Nicole de Voogd

Chemistry Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Doctoral Programme, Chemistry Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Netherlands Center for Biodiversity, Naturalis, Leiden,The Netherlands.

DOI: 10.4236/abc.2014.41012                

Abstract

Spermonde Archipelago has been found to have a high sponge biodiversity. Sponges that have feeding behavior as filter feeder can be exposed to heavy metals, including Zn metal. Zn is an essential metal that is physiologically needed by sponge to catalyze chemical reactions and generally operates on enzymes. A study on Zn pollution level in Spermonde Archipelago from zone I to Zone IV was conducted by analyzing Zn concentration in sponges, sediments, and seawater. Physicochemical parameters measurement in Spermonde Archipelago indicates that Spermonde Archipelago meets the requirements for sponge growth. Callyspongia aerizusa can be used as metal pollution indicator because this sponge can accumulate heavy metal Zn in high level (99.30 mg/kg dry weight). This sponge was derived from Kondingareng Lompo island at zone III. In addition, Kodingareng Lompo island waters had the highest Zn concentration compared to other islands. Sediments from Lae-Lae island at zone I had the highest Zn metal concentration. Lae-Lae island is the nearest island to Makassar coastal line.

Keywords

Essential Metal; Sponge; Callyspongia aerizusa; Filter Feeder; Spermonde Archipelago

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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