Integration of Spatial Analysis for Tsunami Inundation and Impact Assessment

Abu Bakar Sambah; Fusanori Miura

doi:10.4236/jgis.2014.61002

Home > Journals > Earth & Environmental Sciences > JGIS

JGIS> Vol.6 No.1, February 2014

Share This Article:

Integration of Spatial Analysis for Tsunami Inundation and Impact Assessment ()

Abstract Full-Text HTML

Download as PDF (Size:3237KB) PP. 11-22

DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2014.61002 5,600 Downloads 8,700 Views Citations

Author(s) Leave a comment

Abu Bakar Sambah, Fusanori Miura

Affiliation(s)

Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan;Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.

ABSTRACT

Disaster mitigation and reconstruction plan due to tsunami can be implemented with various actions. An integration of spatial analysis through Geographical Information System (GIS) application and multi-criteria analysis through Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is one of the methods for tsunami inundation and impact assessment. In this study, vulnerability, inundation and impact assessment due to tsunami hazard in Ofunato city, Iwate Prefecture, Japan was carried out. Appropriate input parameters were derived from Digital Elevation Model data, and satellite remote sensing and field data were analyzed through GIS. We applied the parameter of elevation and slope created from Aster GDEM version 2, coastline distance created from vector map of the study area and vegetation density created from ALOS ANVIR-2 image. We applied AHP process for weighting the parameter through pair-wise comparison using five iterations of normalized matrix. Five classes of vulnerability were defined and analyzed for tsunami inundation mapping. We used weighted overlay through spatial analyst in GIS to create the final map of tsunami vulnerability. The assessment results indicate that 7.39 square kilometer of the study area was under the high vulnerability zone due to tsunami, and 8.13 square kilometer of building area was under the inundation area. Our result showed good agreement with the observed data and historical map. The result presented here can aid as preliminary information for the coastal zone management related to disaster mitigation and for the evacuation process and management strategy during disaster.

KEYWORDS

Spatial Analysis; GIS; AHP; Tsunami

Cite this paper

A. Sambah and F. Miura, "Integration of Spatial Analysis for Tsunami Inundation and Impact Assessment," Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 6 No. 1, 2014, pp. 11-22. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2014.61002.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	M. Papathoma and D. Dominey-Howes, “Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment and Its Implications for Coastal Hazard Analysis and Disaster Management Planning, Gulf of Corinth, Greece,” Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 6, 2003, pp. 733-747. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-733-2003

[2]	United Nations Disaster Relief Coordinator (UNDRO), “Mitigation Natural Disasters: Phenomena, Effects and Options, a Manual for Policy Makers and Planners,” United Nations Publication, New York, 1991.

[3]	M. Pelling, “The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters and Social Resilience,” Earthscan Publications, London, 2003.

[4]	C. Bollin, C. Cardenas, H. Hahn and K. S. Vatsa, “Natural Disaster Network; Disaster Risk Management by Communities and Local Governments,” Inter-American Development Bank, Washington DC, 2003. http://www.iadb.org/sds/doc/GTZ%2DStudyFinal.pdf

[5]	P. Schmidt-Thome (Editor), “Natural and Technological Hazards and Risks Affecting the Spatial Development of European Regions,” Special Paper 42, Geological Survey of Finland, 2006.

[6]	R. S. Mahendra, P. C. Mohanty, H. Bisoyi, K. T. Srinivasa and S. Nayak, “Assessment and Management of Coastal Multi-Hazard Vulnerability along the Cuddaloree Villupuram, East Coast of India Using Geospatial Techniques,” Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol. 54, No. 4, 2011, pp. 302-311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.12.008

[7]	S. J. Carver, “Integrating Multi-Criteria Evaluation with Geographical Information Systems,” International Journal of Geo-Information System, Vol. 5, No. 3, 1991, pp. 321-339.

[8]	P. Jankowski, “Integrating Geographical Information Systems and Multiple Criteria Decision Making Methods,” International Journal of Geo-Information System, Vol. 9, No. 3,1995, pp. 251-273.

[9]	T. P. T. Sinaga, N. Adhi, Y.-W. Lee and S. Yongcheol, “GIS Mapping of Tsunami Vulnerability; Case Study of the Jembrana Regency in Bali, Indonesia,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2011, pp. 537-543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-011-0741-8

[10]	G. Strunz, J. Post, K. Zosseder, S. Wegscheider, M. Muck, T. Riedlinger, H. Mehl, S. Dech, J. Birkmann, N. Gebert, H. Harjono, H. Z. Anwar, Sumaryono, R. M. Khomarudin and A. Muhari, “Tsunami Risk Assessment in Indonesia,” Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2011, pp. 67-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-67-2011

[11]	M. Papathoma, D. Dominey-Howes, Y. Zong and D. Smith, “Assessing Tsunami Vulnerability, an Example from Herakleio, Crete,” Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 5, 2003, pp. 377-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-377-2003

[12]	T. Tachikawa, M. Kaku, A. Iwasaki, D. Gesch, M. Oimoen, Z. Zhang, J. Danielson, T. Krieger, B. Curtis, J. Haase, M. Abrams, R. Crippen and C. Carabajal, “ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model Version 2—Summary of Validation Results,” The NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center and the Joint Japan-US ASTER Science Team, 2011. https://lpdaacaster.cr.usgs.gov/GDEM/Summary_GDEM2_validation_report_final.pdf

[13]	H. Tsuyoshi and A. Iwamatsu, “Detailed Map of the Impacts of the 2011 Japan Tsunami. Vol. 1: Aomori, Iwate and Miyagi Prefecture,” Kokon-shoin Publishers Ltd., Tokyo, 2012.

[14]	N. Mori and T. Takahashi, “Nationwide Post Event Survey and Analysis of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami,” Coastal Engineering Journal, Vol. 54, No. 1, 2012, pp. 1-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0578563412500015

[15]	S. Fraser, I. Matsuo, G. S. Leonard and H. Murakami, “Tsunami Evacuation: Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of March 11th 2011,” GNS Science Report 2012/17, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited, Avalon, 2012.

[16]	B. K. P. Horn, “Hill Shading and the Reflectance Map,” Proceedings of IEEE, Vol. 69, No. 1, 1981, pp. 14-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1981.11918

[17]	K. Iida, “Magnitude, Energy and Generation Mechanisms of Tsunamis and a Catalogue of Earthquakes Associated with Tsunamis,” Proceeding of Tsunami Meeting at the 10th Pacific Science Congress, Honolulu, July 1963, pp. 7-18.

[18]	R. A. Van Zuidam, “Guide to Geomorphologic-Aerial Photographic Interpretation and Mapping,” International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Enschede, 1983.

[19]	C. L. Bretschneider and P. G. Wybro, “Tsunami Inundation Prediction,” Proceedings of the 15th ASCE Conference on Coastal Engineering, Honolulu, 11-17 July 1976, pp. 1006-1024.

[20]	A. R. Huete, “A Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI),” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1988, pp. 295-309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(88)90106-X

[21]	L. S. Araujo, J. R. dos Santos and Y. E. Shimabukuro, “Relationship Between SAVI and Biomass Data of Forest and Savanna Contact Zone and the Brazilian Amazonia,” International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. 33, 2000, pp. 77-81.

[22]	G. Chander and B. Markham, “Revised Landsat-5 TM Radiometric Calibration Procedures and Post Calibration Dynamic Ranges,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 41, No. 11, 2003, pp. 2674-2677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.818464

[23]	M. Bouvet, G. Chander, P. Goryl and R. Santer, “Preliminary Radiometric Calibration Assessment of ALOS AVNIR-2,” Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS, Barcelona, 2007, pp. 2673-2676.

[24]	National Aeronautics and Space Administration, “Data Users Handbook-Data Products, Chapter 11,” 2011. http://landsathandbook.gsfc.nasa.gov/pdfs/Landsat7_Handbook.pdf

[25]	C. J. Tucker, “Red and Photographic Infrared Linear Combinations for Monitoring Vegetation,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1979, pp. 127-150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(79)90013-0

[26]	R. D. Jackson, P. N. Slater and P. J. Pinter, “Discrimination of Growth and Water Stress in Wheat by Various Vegetation Indices Through Clear and Turbid Atmospheres,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 13, No. 3, 1983, pp. 187-208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(83)90039-1

[27]	C. J. Tucker, W. W. Newcomb, S. O. Los and S. D. Prince, “Mean and Inter-Year Variation of Growing-Season Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for the Sahel 1981-1989,” International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 12, No. 6, 1991, pp. 1133-1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431169108929717

[28]	M. C. Hansen, R. S. Defries, J. R. G. Townshend and R. Sohlberg, “Global Land Cover Classification at 1 km Spatial Resolution Using a Classification Tree Approach,” International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 21, No. 6-7, 2000, pp. 1331-1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014311600210209

[29]	P. Gong, R. Pu, G. S. Biging and M. R. Larrieu, “Estimation of Forest Leaf Area Index Using Vegetation Indices Derived from Hyperion Hyperspectral Data,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 41, No. 6, 2003, pp. 1355-1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.812910

[30]	A. R. Huete, G. Hua, J. Qi, A. Chehbouni and W. J. D. Van Leeuwen, “Normalization of Multidirectional Red and NIR Reflectances with the SAVI,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 41, No. 2-3, 1992, pp. 143-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(92)90074-T

[31]	A. R. Huete, “A Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI),” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1988, pp. 295-309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(88)90106-X

[32]	J. R. Jensen, “Remote Sensing of the Environmental: An Earth Resources Perspective,” Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 2000.

[33]	T. L. Saaty, “A Scaling Method for Priorities in Hierarchical Structures,” Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1977, pp. 234-281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2496(77)90033-5

[34]	T. L. Saaty, “The Analytic Hierarchy Process, Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation,” McGraw-Hill, New York, 1980.

[35]	T. L. Saaty, “Decision Making with the AHP; Why Is the Principle Eigenvector Necessary,” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 145, No. 1, 2003, pp. 85-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00227-8

[36]	E. H. Forman and M. A. Selly, “Decision by Objectives,” World Scientific Publishing Company, 2001.

[37]	T. L. Saaty, “Decision Making for Leaders: The Analytical Hierarchy Process for Decisions in a Complex World,” The Analytical Hierarchy Process Series, RWS Publication, 1996.

[38]	Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI), “Tsunami Inundation and Land Use Area of the 2011 Japan Earthquake,” Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI Japan), 2011.